Essay on The Influence of Ethics on Decision Making

The Influence of Ethics on Decision Making Ethics can have a big influence on decision-making in the workplace. Ethical behavior in the workplace is behavior that is accepted as morally right, rather than wrong. (Organizational Behavior). Unethical behavior can be considered illegal, or merely against the norms of society. Employees encounter ethical decisions every day in the workplace, whether they realize it or not. The stock boy must make a decision on whether it is right to steal merchandise. The auto mechanic must make a decision on what is a fair price to charge a gullible customer. The CEO must decide how to use all the power he or she possesses. There are many different thinking about ethical behavior, and different people†¦show more content†¦The Enrollment Counselor may benefit from giving incorrect information by enrolling more students and thus receiving promotions or praise at work, but the different ethical views help to prevent that from happening. The Impact of Technology on Work-Related Stress Technology can have a great impact on work-related stress. Technology can both increase and decrease work-related stress, depending on how it is used. Many people feel stress in the work environment when change is introduced. When basic tasks or structures in the workplace change, it often goes hand-in-hand with changes in technology. (Organizational Behavior). Employees then experience stress because of the change in the way things are done, or frustration because they dont understand how to properly utilize that technology to their advantage. This can happen with almost any new technology, from a new computer tracking system to a new cash register at a supermarket. However, sometimes technology can ease work-related stress, because it can make doing a job easier than before that technology was available in the workplace. A good example of technology easing workplace stress is faxes that come straight to an employees email. That way, the employee can keep a record of the fax in his or her computer, and doesnt have to wait by a community fax machine for an important paper to come in. Job Enrichment Job enrichment is a rapidly growing trend in the workforce. With newShow MoreRelatedThrough The Looking Glass : Article Review856 Words   |  4 PagesThrough the Looking Glass: Article Review Introduction The peer reviewed article by Caffo (2011), â€Å"Through the Looking Glass: Instinctual and Cultural Influences on U.S. Worker’s Views of Ethics and the Workplace† demonstrates three possible explanations for self-evaluating the process of ethical decision making. This is a thought provoking article, which explains the ambiguous human perspective on ethical behavior. Although there are no specific studies associated with this article, it does howeverRead MoreEthical Self Assessment1015 Words   |  5 Pagesdilemmas frequently in the healthcare industry and they have the ability to influence patient care outcomes. 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Ethics act as a basis of distinguishing between right and wrong and thus, determine whatRead MoreManagement Planning and Ethics1121 Words   |  5 PagesBateman and Snell (2003) state that planning is the conscious, systematic process of making decisions about goals and activities that an individual, group, work unit, or organization will pursue in the future (Planning and strategic management, p. 108). There are several levels in the planning process. Strategic planning involves setting long-term goals and is a function traditionally employed by top-level management. Newer models of strategic planning tend to involve all levels of management.Read MoreImportance Of Business Ethics On Previous And Current Literature Essay1459 Words   |  6 PagesImportance of business ethics in previous and current literature Previous Methodologies used for Studying Business Ethics Majority of the literature reviewed relied heavily on questionnaires and surveys as the chosen methodology. 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Ethics really is about allowing what is right orRead MoreSelf Assessment1447 Words   |  6 PagesEveryday we ask ourselves, â€Å"Did I make the right decision?† Whether it is in regards to family, friends or co-workers we constantly do self assessments. Self-assessment is defined as a process through which individuals gain knowledge about themselves. This includes information about their likes and dislikes as well as their reactions to specific situations. By knowing more about themselves, individuals can be able to determine the work situations and occupations that are most appropriate for themRead MoreThe Ethics Of Ethics For Healthcare Quality Professionals1272 Words   |  6 Pageshave a comprehensive interpretation of the role of ethical decision making (Winkler, 2 005). Ethical health care organizations have incorporated and combined ethical practices and values, continuing education on ethics for everyone involved, successful ethics substructure, and morally spirited and dauntless leaders (Winkler, 2005). These organizations have a vision and statements that directs behavior and decision making. The Code of Ethics furnishes a definitive model of conduct. The standard of conductRead MoreInfluences on Ethics1031 Words   |  5 PagesInfluences on Ethics: Experience, Media and the History of Ideas Micah Gaither University of Phoenix GEN/480 January 16, 2006 Influences on Ethics: Experience, Media and the History of Ideas: It can be difficult to come up with a method of evaluating decisions and forming unbiased opinions. To understand how ethics are influenced it is important to understand (1) how ethics are formed, (2) which forces are shaping them, and (3) what is a popular method of transmission. Chapters eight andRead MoreEssay on Ethical Self-Assessment866 Words   |  4 PagesPaper Tiffany Renee April 19, 2011 HCS545 Health Law and Ethics Ethical Self-Assessment Paper Healthcare professionals are faced with making multi-faceted decisions on a daily basis. These decisions are not just limited to clinical matters, but they include the

History of the Marimba - 544 Words

Like the instrument itself, the name †marimba† originated in Africa; the words rimba (= xylophone with a single bar) and ma (= a great number of objects) are Bantu. In many African languages the term ma-rimba is used to describe instruments with several bars. Technically the marimba could also be described as a low-pitched xylophone. But the cultural backgrounds of the two instruments are vastly different; the marimba originated in central Africa but developed independently, this allowed it to gain its own identity and significance. The marimba has a mind-boggling theory of its fabrication, an interesting relationship with xylophones, and a ravishing tone that is used in a variety of present-day concerts. The history of the marimba is a mystery that boggles the minds of many musicians. The origin of Marimba is not known, but it seems it started off as wooden bars laid over a hole on the ground which was struck with sticks. In the myth of Zulus, there is a tale about a god dess called Marimba who made an instrument by hanging gourds below wooden bars. This fable is sometimes referred to as the source of the instrument’s name. The marimba was brought to South America in the early 16th century by the Africans who were taken there as slaves. There, a Guatemalan called Sebastian Hurtado made a Marimba with a wooden resonator pipe instead of gourd. This formed the parent structure of the modern-day marimba. Even with this makeshift history, the marimba continues to fascinate usShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Darius Milhaud, A French Composer882 Words   |  4 Pagesand 17th centuries, they continued to make marimbas there. The instruments underwent further development on the American continent, especially in Mexico, Guatemala and Brazil (â€Å"Marimbaphone†, 2003). In these countries the calabashes were replaced by precisely tuned wood resonator chambers. In Latin America, the name â€Å"marimba† refers to every kind of large xylophone with calabashes as resonators of the type that originated from Africa. The name â€Å"marimba† was eventually applied to the concert andRead MoreAnalysis Of The Ttoa Initiative1219 Words   |  5 Pagesdominate culture of the nation. Each of the eight workshops intently focused on this narrative. The discourse on Marimba in the fifth workshop highlights this dynamic. Marimba is a type of wooden xylophen played in South America. Scholars suggest that the origins of the instrument are African brought either through slavery or through pre-colonial contact (Johnson, 2014). In Ecuador, the Marimba is played exclusively in Esmeraldas. Garcia uses the musical form to illustrate the richness of the oral traditionRead MoreDifferent Styles Of Traditional Thai Ensembles808 Words   |  4 Pages(Cherrett, 2011) Marimba. If the xylophone is the upper or soprano instrument of the wooden keyed pitched percussion section, then it’s lower relation is the marimba (Cherrett, 2015). The marimba A Brief History of Drums. (2015, February 20). Retrieved April 17, 2017, from http://www.scienceofrock.com/a-brief-history-of-drums Beethoven, J., Davidson, J., Nadon-Gabrion, C. (1991). World of Music. Morristown, NJ: Silver Burdett Ginn. Blades, J. (1970). Percussion Instruments and Their History. London:Read MoreThe Performance Practice Techniques That Dominated Musical Performance1808 Words   |  8 Pagescommonly performed and acclaimed solo string compositions, having been adapted for many instruments throughout history. This investigation will explore a number of key performance practice issues related to the â€Å"Gigue† from J.S. Bach’s Cello Suite No. 2 and discuss the most effective methods to create a historically informed performance of the piece. The performance of the Cello Suites on marimba will be examined in depth by discussing the historical context of the piece and analysing scholarly opinionsRead MoreHistory of Percussion Essay3972 Words   |  16 Pagesand were hung as decorations on animals about to be sacrifices in religious ceremonies. As you can see, the bell was used in all cultures with all different meaning and symbolism. Another particular drum that has evolved extremely through out history would be the snare drum. The snare drum dates back to Medieval Europe in 1300, but was heavily influenced by African drums. What modernized it and made it into the â€Å"snare† drum was that the Europeans would put a â€Å"snare† or snares on the bottom orRead MoreThe Origins Of The Percussion Family1310 Words   |  6 Pagestimpani are the most important percussion instrument in early Western Music history. However, the rest of the Janissary classification all have interesting origins. First, the bass drum is rooted in the Turkish Duval, an instrument used in Turkish military bands. It is of little importance in the Classical period, but rises to use in the Romantic period. Second, the tambourine as a member of the frame drum family has a long history that dates to the Middle Age civilizations in the Balkan and Middle EastRead MoreThe Board Of Heritage Christian Academy1087 Words   |  5 Pagesb and. This is a program that engages students of all learning levels and helps them be a part of a team and work together with other students on shared goals. Students are not only learning instrumental music but they are receiving music theory and history lessons in addition to their normal instrumental instruction. As much as possible the band program takes a holistic approach to teaching music with the goal of life long music participation and appreciating. Students are encourage to attend outsideRead MoreThe Musical Exploration Of Isms1770 Words   |  8 Pagesas a means of getting exotic and unusual sounds for composers; however, the twentieth century works brought a unique gravitation to percussion. Twentieth century composers, such as Edgar Varese and John Cage, helped pave a way for an era of music history marked by advances in percussion literature and engagement. Even though the percussion family flourished in the climax of twentieth century musical exploration of isms, there is still a rich historical and cultural affinity for the percussion familyRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Trans Atlantic Trade Of Africa2476 Words   |  10 Pages- Maafa Throughout history, Africa has been subjugated to multiple waves of its that clash at its innate sense of oneness. No more had one wave caused as much damage, than that of the disaster of the Trans Atlantic trade of Africans. This disaster has been unequivocally understood as one of the worst acts against humanity in recorded history. One of the many scholars that have come to study the traumas left behind by this episode in history, has been Mama Marimba Ani. Marimba Ani coined the termRead MoreMusic And The Second World War1666 Words   |  7 Pagesthen in the Cold War, behind the Iron Curtain, same thing. It was all underground, but they needed the food of freedom that jazz offered† – Herbie Hancock. Looking back into history, you could create a timeline of events with nothing but song titles. Music was not just music, it was a lifestyle. Every major event in history has numerous songs that go along with or describe the happening. In the following paragraphs, I will describe aspects and elements of music for pre-World War II, World War II

Stop! Wait! I Am Pulling Down a Menu! Free Essays

San Jose, CA, with the smallest officer-to-resident ration in the country, is named one of the safest cities in the United States. From 1990 to 2004, officers worked on a daily basis with a text-based mobile dispatch system, which they had no problem with. A major issue happened when, in 2004, this system was replaced by a new Windows-based touch screen software, developed by Intergraph. We will write a custom essay sample on Stop! Wait! I Am Pulling Down a Menu! or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this new project, a new touch screen computer was installed in every patrol car. The idea of the software was correct, it was supposed to bring many benefits and simply help officers, make their life easier. The new software was designed to receive orders, send messages, write reports, receive maps of the city, and use the GPS to let officers know where they are located. The success of the software was not as planned. Even before it was installed, officers were already upset that their input was not asked about the design of the interface; nobody asked their opinion and suggestions for the creation of the new system. The software itself had way too many complications. Officers were not satisfied at all with it. Some of the issues included were the increasingly difficult to use code 99-emergency, the time it took them to find whether a person they stopped had violent criminal record, mapping and GPS inaccuracies, and unneeded information that took screen space along with difficult font to read. The software simply did not work, it crashed after two days of its debut. It was fixed and debugged, but still had major issues. Dispatchers were also very dissatisfied with the Intergraph system because of the risky delays in task execution, because it could not perform multiple tasks simultaneously, between many more. They too, thought should have been consulted during the interface design stage. To fix these issues, SJPOA provided more training to officers and hired a consultant to see what could be done. The consultant realized there were too many complex hierarchies that did not make sense for anyone who had to be using the system while driving a car. Even with all these disagreements, San Jose did not replace the system. While looking at the examples given about Chicago and San Diego, I can see there is still hope for San Jose and the implementation of the new system. Are the problems encountered by the police officers due to hardware or software? The problems encountered were due to both, hardware and software. Hardware refers to the physical components of computers and related electronic devices such as PDAs. It was stated in the case that older officers were having more trouble than the younger ones and I believe it is because they are not used to the new computers and devices. The input devices are the ones that receive signals from outside the computer and transfer them into the computer. The most common input devices are the computer keyboard and mouse, but some advices accept voice, imagine, or other signals (Oz, E. , 2009). In this case, their problems were with the touch screen computers, which can serve both as an input and output device. Software was the major problem in this case. The software implemented simply did not work; there were too many bugs and mistakes. The idea of the software was to make officer’s lives easier and not more complicated. It seems that the software was too complex and slow to be used by police officers and fire fighters, who can most of the time be in danger and in need of fast and accurate information. Whom do you think is at fault for the unsuccessful implementation of the new software? Why? I believe the fault is to be blamed on the police and city officials. Their thought was good, they wanted to improve their system, but did not get any input from the officers to know what kind of system would work for them, what they need to most, if it is speed, accuracy, GPS, what would make their lives easier. I believe it lacked communication between them. With all this information, police officials could have gone to Intergraph and explained what kind of system they were looking for, how they wanted it to be, what should have its emphasis on. People, specially the â€Å"technologically challenged,† are often not receptive of new technologies. Was this a major issue in this case? I don’t believe it was a major issue, but it was one. The case stated even the tolerant and receptive officers were having obstacles to adapt to the new system, and it also said the older officers were having more trouble than the younger ones. Technology is changing so fast and some of us can not get caught up with it many times. The older officers were used with the paper and pen method, some of them probably do not even have (or if they do they got it not too long ago) a computer at home. If they are used to computers I am sure it is not the touch screen one, it is the laptop or desktop type. All of these make it more difficult to accept the new technology but it is not something that can not be converted with training. After getting familiar with the computers and systems they will realize it is going to make their job much easier and simple. If you were the CEO of Intergraph before it assumed the project for San Jose, what would you do differently? As the CEO of Intergraph I would have talked to the officials to know exactly what they are looking for in the system and try to create one that is as easy as possible to use. I would hold a lot of training sections to the officers to make sure they knew what they were doing and how they could use the system to their advantage. I believe Intergraph probably created a system that is not compatible with what they were needing. They should have held sections with the officers to know how familiar they are with computers, what they do and do not know about it. I am sure with useful information like this the system created would have been much more user friendly and therefore more effectively used. My recommendations for this case are as follow: Hold more training sections: I believe with training this situation can be solved in a simple way. I know that much of it depends on the effectiveness of the software itself, but once it is solved and free of bugs, training sections will be helpful for officers to get very familiar with the system and start using it to their advantage. Nowadays they can no longer work with paper and pen, computers will save them a lot of time and effort if used correctly. I also believe the training sections should be done with touch screen computers instead of desktop or laptops. Officers need to be able to practice on a screen just like the one they are going to work with in the car. This will make them feel more comfortable when using the software on the job. Get input from officers: the best way to make officers and dispatchers satisfied with the new system and computers is to get them involved in the process. They should be able to give their opinion about the whole situation and give inputs on what they believe would make a difference and what would not. They are the ones who will use it al all times so they should know what kind of system they want and will fulfill their needs when time comes. Fix software error: I am sure this is something they are already working on, and as stated in the case, San Diego also had the same problem when started using the same software and now it is working much better. They worked with Intergraph to fit the system to their needs and I believe San Jose needs to do the same. Get officers more adapted to technology: with time they will understand that technology is there to make their personal and professional lives better. Resistance is an emotional response based on feelings. You cannot talk people out of their emotions. In fact, their emotions become fiercer when they sense that their feelings are being challenged. An alternative and more effective approach is to ask about the concerns regarding the change. Talk to the officers to know what is holding them back. I think some workshops and/or meetings with experts in technology would give them an idea of what is available to them. I am sure a touch screen computer with many icons and items can be scary to some of them, but after they understand how to use everything they will truly take advantage of it. How to cite Stop! Wait! I Am Pulling Down a Menu!, Papers

The Third Man free essay sample

Throughout the film it is seen that the requirement of maintaining loyalty and friendship is overridden when morals are tested. The film follows the ignorant journey of Holly Martins as he attempts to discover the mystery behind the death of his ‘dear friend’ Harry Lime. The canted camera angles and shadows allow the audience to identify the trustworthy characters from the corrupt, and Reed’s motif of re-occurring props and non-diagetic zither music establish the moral ambiguity of the films setting and atmosphere. The obligation of betrayal is centrally shown through the protagonist Holly Martins, as his initial ignorant loyalty is presented through Reeds use of canted angles. In the beginning of the film Holly is stubborn, gullible and oblivious to the corrupt setting he has immersed himself in. His innocence is projected through the recurring straight angle on his face, in contrast, suspicious characters such as Harry are given a canted angle suggesting they’re not morally ‘straight’. Holly’s morality and loyalty to Harry is tested in the Ferris wheel scene as he becomes exposed to the true Harry. The scene begins with Holly sitting by the Ferris wheel, appearing dwarfed, hence reiterating his insignificance. The pair enters the carriage and significant camera angles are used on each of their faces to portray to the audience their differing moralities. A straight camera angle is used for Holly, and a tilted for Harry. Holly is exposed to Harrys true nature when he tells him about Anna being arrested and Harry simply says â€Å"Tough, very tough† showing that he doesn’t truly care about her. Also Harry draws Anna’s name in child-like scribble on the window of the carriage, reiterating that he isn’t concerned about her fate. A long shot of the carnival is given, Harry points to the people walking on the ground and says to Holly â€Å"Would you really feel any pity if one of those dots stopped moving forever. Holly, once blind to the truth, is now revealed to Harry’s wrong doings and lack of moral integrity. The shot of the two inside the Ferris wheel makes them appear trapped. Also, this scene is ironic as they’re on a ride for children’s leisure whilst discussing serious criminal activities. As the carriage goes down, Holly gains his realization of what Harry is capable of. This symbolizes him returning to earth as his views on Harry were previously ‘in the clouds’. In a later scene, Holly is exposed to the children sick as a result of Harry’s faulty penicillin. Slow non-diagetic music plays, the children’s face aren’t shown and the teddy bear’s, symbolizing innocence, are lying face down. The camera moves up and Harry’s face emerges from the shadows. He raises his eyebrows, and his expression is confident and arrogant. Reed’s use of shadows as a motif for Harry signifies the audience that he is morally questionable and untrustworthy. At the end of the Ferris wheel scene, Harry presents his cuckoo clock theory to Holly, which ultimately defines his moral view. As displayed in the Ferris wheel scene, Harry has no hesitations in betraying his old friend. He states that he could easily kill Holly right there and then, ‘You don’t think they’d look for a bullet wound after you hit that ground. † Easily the most charming, cultured and likeable character in the movie, Lime also provides a sharp juxtaposition to Hollys reasons for betrayal. There are several instances where Lime is seen on the verge of betrayal to his good friend, however chances for this are often dissipated as soon as they appear such as Annas presence in the cafe scene where Lime yells at her to get out of the way, all whilst reaching around suspiciously for what appears to be a concealed weapon. The reasons for Limes potential betrayal become more and more apparent as the movie comes to a conclusion, especially in the Russian sectors Ferris wheel. Where Limes incapacity to account for the lives of others also includes his disregard for Hollys continued existence, and as Holy grips the edge of the open door we are privy to the fact that the only esteem Lime holds for anyone is that of himself. Thus, in the interests of self-preservation, Lime feels that loyalty must be sacrificed and hence betrayal is the consequence for the saving of oneself. The necessity for continued existence is therefore the catalyst for Limes potential betrayal of his own friend. The lack of shadows on his face in the film whilst other characters, such as Harry, are placed in shadows and darkness to give the appearance of mystery and evil. Paragraph 1: Holly’s loyalty / morals loyalty to harry as a friend, children sick room scene/Ferris wheel scene- canted angles etc. Paragraph 2: Harry’s loyalty/ morals- shadows revealing himself Paragraph 3: Anna’s loyalty / morals scene at the end, showing her loyalty to Harry Filmmakers use light to illuminate some characters while placing other characters in shadows and darkness to make them appear mysterious, evil or desperate. When the audience first sees the supposedly dead Harry Lime he emerges from the shadows, suggesting his sinister and secretive intentions The necessity of betrayal is most easily shown through Holly Martins, the protagonist of the story whose gullible, unquestioning and persistent nature all result in an easily swayed man who ultimately decides to be a dumb, decoy duck in order to capture Lime and thus cease the heavy weight on his own conscience. Holly, by becoming involved in matters of no concern to him, is emotionally experienced and too superficial to properly deal with the type of deep thought and contemplation involved in the decision between betrayal and the maintenance of the common good. It is not that Holly makes the wrong decision by betraying his friend, rather, it is the fact that his opinions are easily swayed with proof of the evidence, both through his meeting with Lime who questions him as to whether he would Calculate how many dots (humans) you could afford to spare; and through the presentation of Limes young victims. It cannot be denied that Harrys staunch defence of Limes innocence quickly crumbles underneath the production of hard fact, and this reinforces the moral integrity of Holly; who was once so obedient to staying blind to the truth. Such evidence gives the audience more than enough material against Harry in order for them to side with Holly, and hence prove to them the boundaries of how much loyalty one can main, and where the frontiers between betrayal and friendship can inally be breached. Carol Reeds direction of The Third Man, coupled with Graham Greenes screenplay, continually thrust forward the notion that the betrayal of a friend is forgivable in the light of a greater good. However, what one considers the correct, moral course of action is totally dependent upon their preference of what is considered to be the pinnacle form of morality, that being the highest stranded of integrity a human can display. The Third Man arguably considers the betrayal of a friend acceptable in light of the common good, and throughout the movie it is seen that the arguments for maintaining loyalty and friendship are slowly overridden by the notion of duty one feels in their pursuit of the right course of action to take. Holly and Harry both display signs of betrayal to each over the course of the film; whether it is due to the sacrifice they feel they are required to make in order to achieve a higher stance of moral achievement, or rather in the latters case, a lack of ethical consideration towards humanity in general though it can clearly be seen in each case that loyalty can just as easily be discarded in the face of a more impertinent purpose. The necessity of betrayal is most easily shown through Holly Martins, the protagonist of the story whose gullible, unquestioning and persistent nature all result in an easily swayed man who ultimately decides to be a dumb, decoy duck in order to capture Lime and thus cease the heavy weight on his own conscience. Holly, by becoming involved in matters of no concern to him, is emotionally experienced and too superficial to properly deal with the type of deep thought and contemplation involved in the decision between betrayal and the maintenance of the common good. How this is conveyed: through the character of Holly Martins: appearance and reality- the deceptive nature of appearances in a corrupt society, Holly feels as though he may remain loyal to his ‘dear friend’ Harry Lime, Anna remains loyal to Harry through her ‘blinded love’, Holly’s moral integrity – where he discovers †¢Props are the objects that appear in the setting, and are often used to provide significant clues about the characters, eg Dr Winkel’s collection of religious icons †¢Props can also reappear from scene to scene, and from setting to setting, developing more significance and importance. These repeated images are called motifs. †¢A mirror can be used as a motif for the soul of the characters by having that character look searchingly into it, while other films may use mirrors as a motif for a character’s fractured identity or their hidden agenda †¢Windowpanes, staircases, sounds or musical phrases can also be motifs, eg the zither in The Third Man can be described as a motif. * creates or express the mood of the film. used to represents an extension of a character’s state of mind: * A character’s cramped and dirty apartment may indicate that they are feeling trapped in their current lifestyle * The fact that a character’s home is a penthouse with big windows overlooking the city might suggest either the person’s high status and power over the world below them, or the sterility and loneliness of their position. * Changes of setting can signal new starts, challenges, disaster, success, loss and so on, thus alerting us to impo rtant scenes. Filmmakers use light to illuminate some characters while placing other characters in shadows and darkness to make them appear mysterious, evil or desperate. When the audience first sees the supposedly dead Harry Lime he emerges from the shadows, suggesting his sinister and secretive intentions Underexposure * Underexposing a shot means not allowing enough light to pass through the lens, resulting in a dark image. * Commonly used when shooting night-time scenes during the day to give the illusion that it is dark. Gangster and detective films are often underexposed so characters appear shady and mysterious only partially lit or covered in shadows. * Underexposing creates a moody atmosphere as we can’t see what lurks in the darkness Deep focus * A shot where all the elements are in focus. Such camerawork places more equal importance on all the elements in the scene. Makes all elements of mise-en-scene more important because we encouraged to notice them rather than having certain elements blurred into the background. Deep focus shots create a strong connection between character and their setting. Giving equal focus to both character and setting establishes a strong visual link between them, suggesting that setting reflects or symbolises something about that character. In his 1949 Film Noir The Third Man, Carol Reed uses a variety of cinematic techniques to convey the deceptive nature of appearances which drive his characters morality and loyalty.