Essay on The Influence of Ethics on Decision Making

The Influence of Ethics on Decision Making Ethics can have a big influence on decision-making in the workplace. Ethical behavior in the workplace is behavior that is accepted as morally right, rather than wrong. (Organizational Behavior). Unethical behavior can be considered illegal, or merely against the norms of society. Employees encounter ethical decisions every day in the workplace, whether they realize it or not. The stock boy must make a decision on whether it is right to steal merchandise. The auto mechanic must make a decision on what is a fair price to charge a gullible customer. The CEO must decide how to use all the power he or she possesses. There are many different thinking about ethical behavior, and different people†¦show more content†¦The Enrollment Counselor may benefit from giving incorrect information by enrolling more students and thus receiving promotions or praise at work, but the different ethical views help to prevent that from happening. The Impact of Technology on Work-Related Stress Technology can have a great impact on work-related stress. Technology can both increase and decrease work-related stress, depending on how it is used. Many people feel stress in the work environment when change is introduced. When basic tasks or structures in the workplace change, it often goes hand-in-hand with changes in technology. (Organizational Behavior). Employees then experience stress because of the change in the way things are done, or frustration because they dont understand how to properly utilize that technology to their advantage. This can happen with almost any new technology, from a new computer tracking system to a new cash register at a supermarket. However, sometimes technology can ease work-related stress, because it can make doing a job easier than before that technology was available in the workplace. A good example of technology easing workplace stress is faxes that come straight to an employees email. That way, the employee can keep a record of the fax in his or her computer, and doesnt have to wait by a community fax machine for an important paper to come in. Job Enrichment Job enrichment is a rapidly growing trend in the workforce. With newShow MoreRelatedThrough The Looking Glass : Article Review856 Words   |  4 PagesThrough the Looking Glass: Article Review Introduction The peer reviewed article by Caffo (2011), â€Å"Through the Looking Glass: Instinctual and Cultural Influences on U.S. Worker’s Views of Ethics and the Workplace† demonstrates three possible explanations for self-evaluating the process of ethical decision making. This is a thought provoking article, which explains the ambiguous human perspective on ethical behavior. Although there are no specific studies associated with this article, it does howeverRead MoreEthical Self Assessment1015 Words   |  5 Pagesdilemmas frequently in the healthcare industry and they have the ability to influence patient care outcomes. Healthcare professionals face difficult choices concerning what is best for the patients and can sometimes become entangled with ethical dilemmas. Ethical decision making helps the healthcare professionals make the difficult choices when they are faced with an ethical dilemma. Those involved in the decision making process must consider ethical principles incl uding justice, autonomy, beneficenceRead MoreFace The Complexity Involved For Making Ethical Choices1612 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Face the complexity involved in making ethical choices.† - Linda Fischer Thornton Identify and discuss the influences (family, culture, religion, etc†¦) on your personal ethics. Analyze and discuss these influences in relation to one or more classical ethics philosophies (deontology, utilitarianism, etc†¦). Reflect and comment on the Georgetown Ethos in light of the influences on your personal ethics. Ethics act as a basis of distinguishing between right and wrong and thus, determine whatRead MoreManagement Planning and Ethics1121 Words   |  5 PagesBateman and Snell (2003) state that planning is the conscious, systematic process of making decisions about goals and activities that an individual, group, work unit, or organization will pursue in the future (Planning and strategic management, p. 108). There are several levels in the planning process. Strategic planning involves setting long-term goals and is a function traditionally employed by top-level management. Newer models of strategic planning tend to involve all levels of management.Read MoreImportance Of Business Ethics On Previous And Current Literature Essay1459 Words   |  6 PagesImportance of business ethics in previous and current literature Previous Methodologies used for Studying Business Ethics Majority of the literature reviewed relied heavily on questionnaires and surveys as the chosen methodology. According to Rowley (2014), questionnaires are the â€Å"most widely used means of collecting data† (p. 308). However, when designing a questionnaire or survey researchers should consider the type of questions being used, sensitivity of questions asked, content and lengthRead MoreEthics As A Textbook Definition Of Ethics Essay1129 Words   |  5 PagesSontag, Becker and Fogelin (1969) define ethics as â€Å"the attempt to state and evaluate principles by which ethical problems may be solved.† (Cooper, p.1). While Cooper (p.1) refers to this as a textbook definition of ethics, it is nonetheless accurate and concise. Preston (1996) describes ethics as being concerned with â€Å"what is right, fair, just or good; about what we ought to do† (Cooper, p. 1-2). Preston’s definition is succinct and to the point. Ethics really is about allowing what is right orRead MoreSelf Assessment1447 Words   |  6 PagesEveryday we ask ourselves, â€Å"Did I make the right decision?† Whether it is in regards to family, friends or co-workers we constantly do self assessments. Self-assessment is defined as a process through which individuals gain knowledge about themselves. This includes information about their likes and dislikes as well as their reactions to specific situations. By knowing more about themselves, individuals can be able to determine the work situations and occupations that are most appropriate for themRead MoreThe Ethics Of Ethics For Healthcare Quality Professionals1272 Words   |  6 Pageshave a comprehensive interpretation of the role of ethical decision making (Winkler, 2 005). Ethical health care organizations have incorporated and combined ethical practices and values, continuing education on ethics for everyone involved, successful ethics substructure, and morally spirited and dauntless leaders (Winkler, 2005). These organizations have a vision and statements that directs behavior and decision making. The Code of Ethics furnishes a definitive model of conduct. The standard of conductRead MoreInfluences on Ethics1031 Words   |  5 PagesInfluences on Ethics: Experience, Media and the History of Ideas Micah Gaither University of Phoenix GEN/480 January 16, 2006 Influences on Ethics: Experience, Media and the History of Ideas: It can be difficult to come up with a method of evaluating decisions and forming unbiased opinions. To understand how ethics are influenced it is important to understand (1) how ethics are formed, (2) which forces are shaping them, and (3) what is a popular method of transmission. Chapters eight andRead MoreEssay on Ethical Self-Assessment866 Words   |  4 PagesPaper Tiffany Renee April 19, 2011 HCS545 Health Law and Ethics Ethical Self-Assessment Paper Healthcare professionals are faced with making multi-faceted decisions on a daily basis. These decisions are not just limited to clinical matters, but they include the

History of the Marimba - 544 Words

Like the instrument itself, the name †marimba† originated in Africa; the words rimba (= xylophone with a single bar) and ma (= a great number of objects) are Bantu. In many African languages the term ma-rimba is used to describe instruments with several bars. Technically the marimba could also be described as a low-pitched xylophone. But the cultural backgrounds of the two instruments are vastly different; the marimba originated in central Africa but developed independently, this allowed it to gain its own identity and significance. The marimba has a mind-boggling theory of its fabrication, an interesting relationship with xylophones, and a ravishing tone that is used in a variety of present-day concerts. The history of the marimba is a mystery that boggles the minds of many musicians. The origin of Marimba is not known, but it seems it started off as wooden bars laid over a hole on the ground which was struck with sticks. In the myth of Zulus, there is a tale about a god dess called Marimba who made an instrument by hanging gourds below wooden bars. This fable is sometimes referred to as the source of the instrument’s name. The marimba was brought to South America in the early 16th century by the Africans who were taken there as slaves. There, a Guatemalan called Sebastian Hurtado made a Marimba with a wooden resonator pipe instead of gourd. This formed the parent structure of the modern-day marimba. Even with this makeshift history, the marimba continues to fascinate usShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Darius Milhaud, A French Composer882 Words   |  4 Pagesand 17th centuries, they continued to make marimbas there. The instruments underwent further development on the American continent, especially in Mexico, Guatemala and Brazil (â€Å"Marimbaphone†, 2003). In these countries the calabashes were replaced by precisely tuned wood resonator chambers. In Latin America, the name â€Å"marimba† refers to every kind of large xylophone with calabashes as resonators of the type that originated from Africa. The name â€Å"marimba† was eventually applied to the concert andRead MoreAnalysis Of The Ttoa Initiative1219 Words   |  5 Pagesdominate culture of the nation. Each of the eight workshops intently focused on this narrative. The discourse on Marimba in the fifth workshop highlights this dynamic. Marimba is a type of wooden xylophen played in South America. Scholars suggest that the origins of the instrument are African brought either through slavery or through pre-colonial contact (Johnson, 2014). In Ecuador, the Marimba is played exclusively in Esmeraldas. Garcia uses the musical form to illustrate the richness of the oral traditionRead MoreDifferent Styles Of Traditional Thai Ensembles808 Words   |  4 Pages(Cherrett, 2011) Marimba. If the xylophone is the upper or soprano instrument of the wooden keyed pitched percussion section, then it’s lower relation is the marimba (Cherrett, 2015). The marimba A Brief History of Drums. (2015, February 20). Retrieved April 17, 2017, from http://www.scienceofrock.com/a-brief-history-of-drums Beethoven, J., Davidson, J., Nadon-Gabrion, C. (1991). World of Music. Morristown, NJ: Silver Burdett Ginn. Blades, J. (1970). Percussion Instruments and Their History. London:Read MoreThe Performance Practice Techniques That Dominated Musical Performance1808 Words   |  8 Pagescommonly performed and acclaimed solo string compositions, having been adapted for many instruments throughout history. This investigation will explore a number of key performance practice issues related to the â€Å"Gigue† from J.S. Bach’s Cello Suite No. 2 and discuss the most effective methods to create a historically informed performance of the piece. The performance of the Cello Suites on marimba will be examined in depth by discussing the historical context of the piece and analysing scholarly opinionsRead MoreHistory of Percussion Essay3972 Words   |  16 Pagesand were hung as decorations on animals about to be sacrifices in religious ceremonies. As you can see, the bell was used in all cultures with all different meaning and symbolism. Another particular drum that has evolved extremely through out history would be the snare drum. The snare drum dates back to Medieval Europe in 1300, but was heavily influenced by African drums. What modernized it and made it into the â€Å"snare† drum was that the Europeans would put a â€Å"snare† or snares on the bottom orRead MoreThe Origins Of The Percussion Family1310 Words   |  6 Pagestimpani are the most important percussion instrument in early Western Music history. However, the rest of the Janissary classification all have interesting origins. First, the bass drum is rooted in the Turkish Duval, an instrument used in Turkish military bands. It is of little importance in the Classical period, but rises to use in the Romantic period. Second, the tambourine as a member of the frame drum family has a long history that dates to the Middle Age civilizations in the Balkan and Middle EastRead MoreThe Board Of Heritage Christian Academy1087 Words   |  5 Pagesb and. This is a program that engages students of all learning levels and helps them be a part of a team and work together with other students on shared goals. Students are not only learning instrumental music but they are receiving music theory and history lessons in addition to their normal instrumental instruction. As much as possible the band program takes a holistic approach to teaching music with the goal of life long music participation and appreciating. Students are encourage to attend outsideRead MoreThe Musical Exploration Of Isms1770 Words   |  8 Pagesas a means of getting exotic and unusual sounds for composers; however, the twentieth century works brought a unique gravitation to percussion. Twentieth century composers, such as Edgar Varese and John Cage, helped pave a way for an era of music history marked by advances in percussion literature and engagement. Even though the percussion family flourished in the climax of twentieth century musical exploration of isms, there is still a rich historical and cultural affinity for the percussion familyRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Trans Atlantic Trade Of Africa2476 Words   |  10 Pages- Maafa Throughout history, Africa has been subjugated to multiple waves of its that clash at its innate sense of oneness. No more had one wave caused as much damage, than that of the disaster of the Trans Atlantic trade of Africans. This disaster has been unequivocally understood as one of the worst acts against humanity in recorded history. One of the many scholars that have come to study the traumas left behind by this episode in history, has been Mama Marimba Ani. Marimba Ani coined the termRead MoreMusic And The Second World War1666 Words   |  7 Pagesthen in the Cold War, behind the Iron Curtain, same thing. It was all underground, but they needed the food of freedom that jazz offered† – Herbie Hancock. Looking back into history, you could create a timeline of events with nothing but song titles. Music was not just music, it was a lifestyle. Every major event in history has numerous songs that go along with or describe the happening. In the following paragraphs, I will describe aspects and elements of music for pre-World War II, World War II

Stop! Wait! I Am Pulling Down a Menu! Free Essays

San Jose, CA, with the smallest officer-to-resident ration in the country, is named one of the safest cities in the United States. From 1990 to 2004, officers worked on a daily basis with a text-based mobile dispatch system, which they had no problem with. A major issue happened when, in 2004, this system was replaced by a new Windows-based touch screen software, developed by Intergraph. We will write a custom essay sample on Stop! Wait! I Am Pulling Down a Menu! or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this new project, a new touch screen computer was installed in every patrol car. The idea of the software was correct, it was supposed to bring many benefits and simply help officers, make their life easier. The new software was designed to receive orders, send messages, write reports, receive maps of the city, and use the GPS to let officers know where they are located. The success of the software was not as planned. Even before it was installed, officers were already upset that their input was not asked about the design of the interface; nobody asked their opinion and suggestions for the creation of the new system. The software itself had way too many complications. Officers were not satisfied at all with it. Some of the issues included were the increasingly difficult to use code 99-emergency, the time it took them to find whether a person they stopped had violent criminal record, mapping and GPS inaccuracies, and unneeded information that took screen space along with difficult font to read. The software simply did not work, it crashed after two days of its debut. It was fixed and debugged, but still had major issues. Dispatchers were also very dissatisfied with the Intergraph system because of the risky delays in task execution, because it could not perform multiple tasks simultaneously, between many more. They too, thought should have been consulted during the interface design stage. To fix these issues, SJPOA provided more training to officers and hired a consultant to see what could be done. The consultant realized there were too many complex hierarchies that did not make sense for anyone who had to be using the system while driving a car. Even with all these disagreements, San Jose did not replace the system. While looking at the examples given about Chicago and San Diego, I can see there is still hope for San Jose and the implementation of the new system. Are the problems encountered by the police officers due to hardware or software? The problems encountered were due to both, hardware and software. Hardware refers to the physical components of computers and related electronic devices such as PDAs. It was stated in the case that older officers were having more trouble than the younger ones and I believe it is because they are not used to the new computers and devices. The input devices are the ones that receive signals from outside the computer and transfer them into the computer. The most common input devices are the computer keyboard and mouse, but some advices accept voice, imagine, or other signals (Oz, E. , 2009). In this case, their problems were with the touch screen computers, which can serve both as an input and output device. Software was the major problem in this case. The software implemented simply did not work; there were too many bugs and mistakes. The idea of the software was to make officer’s lives easier and not more complicated. It seems that the software was too complex and slow to be used by police officers and fire fighters, who can most of the time be in danger and in need of fast and accurate information. Whom do you think is at fault for the unsuccessful implementation of the new software? Why? I believe the fault is to be blamed on the police and city officials. Their thought was good, they wanted to improve their system, but did not get any input from the officers to know what kind of system would work for them, what they need to most, if it is speed, accuracy, GPS, what would make their lives easier. I believe it lacked communication between them. With all this information, police officials could have gone to Intergraph and explained what kind of system they were looking for, how they wanted it to be, what should have its emphasis on. People, specially the â€Å"technologically challenged,† are often not receptive of new technologies. Was this a major issue in this case? I don’t believe it was a major issue, but it was one. The case stated even the tolerant and receptive officers were having obstacles to adapt to the new system, and it also said the older officers were having more trouble than the younger ones. Technology is changing so fast and some of us can not get caught up with it many times. The older officers were used with the paper and pen method, some of them probably do not even have (or if they do they got it not too long ago) a computer at home. If they are used to computers I am sure it is not the touch screen one, it is the laptop or desktop type. All of these make it more difficult to accept the new technology but it is not something that can not be converted with training. After getting familiar with the computers and systems they will realize it is going to make their job much easier and simple. If you were the CEO of Intergraph before it assumed the project for San Jose, what would you do differently? As the CEO of Intergraph I would have talked to the officials to know exactly what they are looking for in the system and try to create one that is as easy as possible to use. I would hold a lot of training sections to the officers to make sure they knew what they were doing and how they could use the system to their advantage. I believe Intergraph probably created a system that is not compatible with what they were needing. They should have held sections with the officers to know how familiar they are with computers, what they do and do not know about it. I am sure with useful information like this the system created would have been much more user friendly and therefore more effectively used. My recommendations for this case are as follow: Hold more training sections: I believe with training this situation can be solved in a simple way. I know that much of it depends on the effectiveness of the software itself, but once it is solved and free of bugs, training sections will be helpful for officers to get very familiar with the system and start using it to their advantage. Nowadays they can no longer work with paper and pen, computers will save them a lot of time and effort if used correctly. I also believe the training sections should be done with touch screen computers instead of desktop or laptops. Officers need to be able to practice on a screen just like the one they are going to work with in the car. This will make them feel more comfortable when using the software on the job. Get input from officers: the best way to make officers and dispatchers satisfied with the new system and computers is to get them involved in the process. They should be able to give their opinion about the whole situation and give inputs on what they believe would make a difference and what would not. They are the ones who will use it al all times so they should know what kind of system they want and will fulfill their needs when time comes. Fix software error: I am sure this is something they are already working on, and as stated in the case, San Diego also had the same problem when started using the same software and now it is working much better. They worked with Intergraph to fit the system to their needs and I believe San Jose needs to do the same. Get officers more adapted to technology: with time they will understand that technology is there to make their personal and professional lives better. Resistance is an emotional response based on feelings. You cannot talk people out of their emotions. In fact, their emotions become fiercer when they sense that their feelings are being challenged. An alternative and more effective approach is to ask about the concerns regarding the change. Talk to the officers to know what is holding them back. I think some workshops and/or meetings with experts in technology would give them an idea of what is available to them. I am sure a touch screen computer with many icons and items can be scary to some of them, but after they understand how to use everything they will truly take advantage of it. How to cite Stop! Wait! I Am Pulling Down a Menu!, Papers

The Third Man free essay sample

Throughout the film it is seen that the requirement of maintaining loyalty and friendship is overridden when morals are tested. The film follows the ignorant journey of Holly Martins as he attempts to discover the mystery behind the death of his ‘dear friend’ Harry Lime. The canted camera angles and shadows allow the audience to identify the trustworthy characters from the corrupt, and Reed’s motif of re-occurring props and non-diagetic zither music establish the moral ambiguity of the films setting and atmosphere. The obligation of betrayal is centrally shown through the protagonist Holly Martins, as his initial ignorant loyalty is presented through Reeds use of canted angles. In the beginning of the film Holly is stubborn, gullible and oblivious to the corrupt setting he has immersed himself in. His innocence is projected through the recurring straight angle on his face, in contrast, suspicious characters such as Harry are given a canted angle suggesting they’re not morally ‘straight’. Holly’s morality and loyalty to Harry is tested in the Ferris wheel scene as he becomes exposed to the true Harry. The scene begins with Holly sitting by the Ferris wheel, appearing dwarfed, hence reiterating his insignificance. The pair enters the carriage and significant camera angles are used on each of their faces to portray to the audience their differing moralities. A straight camera angle is used for Holly, and a tilted for Harry. Holly is exposed to Harrys true nature when he tells him about Anna being arrested and Harry simply says â€Å"Tough, very tough† showing that he doesn’t truly care about her. Also Harry draws Anna’s name in child-like scribble on the window of the carriage, reiterating that he isn’t concerned about her fate. A long shot of the carnival is given, Harry points to the people walking on the ground and says to Holly â€Å"Would you really feel any pity if one of those dots stopped moving forever. Holly, once blind to the truth, is now revealed to Harry’s wrong doings and lack of moral integrity. The shot of the two inside the Ferris wheel makes them appear trapped. Also, this scene is ironic as they’re on a ride for children’s leisure whilst discussing serious criminal activities. As the carriage goes down, Holly gains his realization of what Harry is capable of. This symbolizes him returning to earth as his views on Harry were previously ‘in the clouds’. In a later scene, Holly is exposed to the children sick as a result of Harry’s faulty penicillin. Slow non-diagetic music plays, the children’s face aren’t shown and the teddy bear’s, symbolizing innocence, are lying face down. The camera moves up and Harry’s face emerges from the shadows. He raises his eyebrows, and his expression is confident and arrogant. Reed’s use of shadows as a motif for Harry signifies the audience that he is morally questionable and untrustworthy. At the end of the Ferris wheel scene, Harry presents his cuckoo clock theory to Holly, which ultimately defines his moral view. As displayed in the Ferris wheel scene, Harry has no hesitations in betraying his old friend. He states that he could easily kill Holly right there and then, ‘You don’t think they’d look for a bullet wound after you hit that ground. † Easily the most charming, cultured and likeable character in the movie, Lime also provides a sharp juxtaposition to Hollys reasons for betrayal. There are several instances where Lime is seen on the verge of betrayal to his good friend, however chances for this are often dissipated as soon as they appear such as Annas presence in the cafe scene where Lime yells at her to get out of the way, all whilst reaching around suspiciously for what appears to be a concealed weapon. The reasons for Limes potential betrayal become more and more apparent as the movie comes to a conclusion, especially in the Russian sectors Ferris wheel. Where Limes incapacity to account for the lives of others also includes his disregard for Hollys continued existence, and as Holy grips the edge of the open door we are privy to the fact that the only esteem Lime holds for anyone is that of himself. Thus, in the interests of self-preservation, Lime feels that loyalty must be sacrificed and hence betrayal is the consequence for the saving of oneself. The necessity for continued existence is therefore the catalyst for Limes potential betrayal of his own friend. The lack of shadows on his face in the film whilst other characters, such as Harry, are placed in shadows and darkness to give the appearance of mystery and evil. Paragraph 1: Holly’s loyalty / morals loyalty to harry as a friend, children sick room scene/Ferris wheel scene- canted angles etc. Paragraph 2: Harry’s loyalty/ morals- shadows revealing himself Paragraph 3: Anna’s loyalty / morals scene at the end, showing her loyalty to Harry Filmmakers use light to illuminate some characters while placing other characters in shadows and darkness to make them appear mysterious, evil or desperate. When the audience first sees the supposedly dead Harry Lime he emerges from the shadows, suggesting his sinister and secretive intentions The necessity of betrayal is most easily shown through Holly Martins, the protagonist of the story whose gullible, unquestioning and persistent nature all result in an easily swayed man who ultimately decides to be a dumb, decoy duck in order to capture Lime and thus cease the heavy weight on his own conscience. Holly, by becoming involved in matters of no concern to him, is emotionally experienced and too superficial to properly deal with the type of deep thought and contemplation involved in the decision between betrayal and the maintenance of the common good. It is not that Holly makes the wrong decision by betraying his friend, rather, it is the fact that his opinions are easily swayed with proof of the evidence, both through his meeting with Lime who questions him as to whether he would Calculate how many dots (humans) you could afford to spare; and through the presentation of Limes young victims. It cannot be denied that Harrys staunch defence of Limes innocence quickly crumbles underneath the production of hard fact, and this reinforces the moral integrity of Holly; who was once so obedient to staying blind to the truth. Such evidence gives the audience more than enough material against Harry in order for them to side with Holly, and hence prove to them the boundaries of how much loyalty one can main, and where the frontiers between betrayal and friendship can inally be breached. Carol Reeds direction of The Third Man, coupled with Graham Greenes screenplay, continually thrust forward the notion that the betrayal of a friend is forgivable in the light of a greater good. However, what one considers the correct, moral course of action is totally dependent upon their preference of what is considered to be the pinnacle form of morality, that being the highest stranded of integrity a human can display. The Third Man arguably considers the betrayal of a friend acceptable in light of the common good, and throughout the movie it is seen that the arguments for maintaining loyalty and friendship are slowly overridden by the notion of duty one feels in their pursuit of the right course of action to take. Holly and Harry both display signs of betrayal to each over the course of the film; whether it is due to the sacrifice they feel they are required to make in order to achieve a higher stance of moral achievement, or rather in the latters case, a lack of ethical consideration towards humanity in general though it can clearly be seen in each case that loyalty can just as easily be discarded in the face of a more impertinent purpose. The necessity of betrayal is most easily shown through Holly Martins, the protagonist of the story whose gullible, unquestioning and persistent nature all result in an easily swayed man who ultimately decides to be a dumb, decoy duck in order to capture Lime and thus cease the heavy weight on his own conscience. Holly, by becoming involved in matters of no concern to him, is emotionally experienced and too superficial to properly deal with the type of deep thought and contemplation involved in the decision between betrayal and the maintenance of the common good. How this is conveyed: through the character of Holly Martins: appearance and reality- the deceptive nature of appearances in a corrupt society, Holly feels as though he may remain loyal to his ‘dear friend’ Harry Lime, Anna remains loyal to Harry through her ‘blinded love’, Holly’s moral integrity – where he discovers †¢Props are the objects that appear in the setting, and are often used to provide significant clues about the characters, eg Dr Winkel’s collection of religious icons †¢Props can also reappear from scene to scene, and from setting to setting, developing more significance and importance. These repeated images are called motifs. †¢A mirror can be used as a motif for the soul of the characters by having that character look searchingly into it, while other films may use mirrors as a motif for a character’s fractured identity or their hidden agenda †¢Windowpanes, staircases, sounds or musical phrases can also be motifs, eg the zither in The Third Man can be described as a motif. * creates or express the mood of the film. used to represents an extension of a character’s state of mind: * A character’s cramped and dirty apartment may indicate that they are feeling trapped in their current lifestyle * The fact that a character’s home is a penthouse with big windows overlooking the city might suggest either the person’s high status and power over the world below them, or the sterility and loneliness of their position. * Changes of setting can signal new starts, challenges, disaster, success, loss and so on, thus alerting us to impo rtant scenes. Filmmakers use light to illuminate some characters while placing other characters in shadows and darkness to make them appear mysterious, evil or desperate. When the audience first sees the supposedly dead Harry Lime he emerges from the shadows, suggesting his sinister and secretive intentions Underexposure * Underexposing a shot means not allowing enough light to pass through the lens, resulting in a dark image. * Commonly used when shooting night-time scenes during the day to give the illusion that it is dark. Gangster and detective films are often underexposed so characters appear shady and mysterious only partially lit or covered in shadows. * Underexposing creates a moody atmosphere as we can’t see what lurks in the darkness Deep focus * A shot where all the elements are in focus. Such camerawork places more equal importance on all the elements in the scene. Makes all elements of mise-en-scene more important because we encouraged to notice them rather than having certain elements blurred into the background. Deep focus shots create a strong connection between character and their setting. Giving equal focus to both character and setting establishes a strong visual link between them, suggesting that setting reflects or symbolises something about that character. In his 1949 Film Noir The Third Man, Carol Reed uses a variety of cinematic techniques to convey the deceptive nature of appearances which drive his characters morality and loyalty.

Global Warming is Real

When speaking about global warming, I would like to highlight the fundamentals of the phenomena. So, first of all, there is a need to point out that global warming seems to be not only an environmental and climatic issue, but also one of the most important mechanisms of evolution. In other words, global warming is considered to be the reason of evolution.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Global Warming is Real specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Moore states that â€Å"The dire forecasts of global warming hinge on a prediction that human activity will provoke a continued upsurge in atmospheric carbon dioxide† (par. 4). Many scientists are sure that it is human activity, which causes the phenomena. For instance, they say that â€Å"the burning of fossil fuels, the release of methane from agricultural activities, the escape of other chemicals into the air over the next few decades will lead to an effective doub ling of greenhouse gases sometime in the next century† (Moore, par. 4). When speaking about the expected effects of global warming, one is to keep in mind that such climatic changes mostly affect agriculture and fishing. Most of extractive industries, however, do not suffer from destructive climate shifts. Among potentially disastrous effects disappearance of island countries is considered to be one of the most essential consequences of global warming, as sea level rises and polar ice melts. Generally, global warming seems to be a complicated problem, as some scientists say that the phenomenon is a global public good. Due to certain scientific and economic uncertainties, there is no opportunity to say for sure how to slow or prevent serious climate shifts. Global warming is related to numerous disciplines. Ecologists are concerned about ecosystems, marine biologists see global warming as â€Å"a problem arising from ocean acidification, utilities as a debit to their balance s heets, and coal miners as anAdvertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More existential threat to their livelihood† (Nordhaus 5). Businessmen and politicians consider the problem of global warming as a great opportunity and as a source of financial aid. An opportunity to balance the economic costs and ecological benefits is considered to be one of the key problems. They say that human activity and social behaviors are the key aspects of global warming. There are numerous perspectives and theories sociologists rely on to investigate the reasons of global climate changes. From the sociological point of view, the primary goals of the investigation on global warming include identifying key areas of sociological knowledge concerning climate shifts; outlining important gaps in sociological studies on the above-mentioned topic, facilitating interaction among the workers in sociological sp here, motivating sociologists to study the reasons of climate changes, etc. â€Å"The role of multi-national corporations in producing and responding to climate change (sometimes simply by â€Å"greenwashing† their products) has been well documented by environmental sociologists† (Nagel, Dietz Broadbent 15). Taking into account technological innovations and adaptations, it becomes obvious that the era of the so-called informational war has also impacted on climate changes. It is evident that people’s health depends upon the health of our planet. Generally, one is to understand that health doesn’t mean only the absence of some problems (mental or other ones). The diseases are often caused by various changes, including those ones, which are related to biodiversity, watersheds or climate changes. So, global warming hurts not only animal and plants, but it also impacts on people’s health. Such phenomenon as global warming affects many parts of the pla net. When plants die, the animals lose their food. Of course, the animals can adapt to some environmental changes, but nobody will deny the fact that they also can die. People lose their sources of food. The described events are mostly associated with a break in a chain reaction. Potentially, the above-mentioned perspectives are possible.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Global Warming is Real specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Global climate change is considered to be â€Å"a long-term environmental and societal challenge that affects numerous generations of people in every nation around the world. It is subtle in some ways, blatant in others and will exert a powerful and potentially crippling influence on the world† (â€Å"Guidelines for K12 Global Climate Change Education,† 2). So, when speaking about solving the problem of global warming, it is necessary to point out that people are to do their be st to save the planet. For instance,  solving global warming will improve our lives by cleaning up air pollution while  investing in clean energy, green jobs and smart energy solutions that get the  U.S. economy moving again. We need to drive smarter cars, save money with  energy efficient homes and offices, and build better communities and  transportation networks (â€Å"Global Warming,† par. 2). On the other hand, it should be pointed out that according to the opinion of some scientists, global warming is considered to be a natural process, and there is no problem at all. Of course, it is difficult to believe that the destructive process can be a part of a natural cycle; so, a person’s consciousness is one of the most significant issues the ecologists are to remember about to solve a problem. Works Cited â€Å"Global Warming.† Natural Resources Defense Council. Web.Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More â€Å"Guidelines for K12 Global Climate Change Education.† National Wildlife Federation.  Web. Moore, Thomas. Global Warming: A Boon to Humans and Other Animals, 1995.  Web. Nagel, Joane, Dietz, Thomas Broadbent, Jeffrey. Sociological Perspectives on  Global Climate Change, 2008. Web. Nordhaus, William. The Challenge of Global Warming: Economic Models and  Environmental Policy, 2007. Web. This essay on Global Warming is Real was written and submitted by user She-Hulk to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Gregor Mendel essays

Gregor Mendel essays Gregor Johann Mendel was born on July 22, 1822 in Heinsendorf, Austria (which is in the present-day Czech Republic) to peasants (Mendel, Gregor). In 1843, Mendel entered the monastery of St. Thomas in Brunn, Austria (which is in the present-day Czech Republic) (Mendel, Gregor Johann). He then became a priest in 1847. Mendel was then sent to study science and mathematics at the University of Vienna in 1851 (Mendel, Gregor). He then returned back to the monastery in 1853 and taught biology and physics at a local high school which he did for the next 14 years (Mendel, Gregor). Between the years 1856 and 1863, Mendel grew at least 28,000 pea plants in the garden of the monastery (Mendel, Gregor Johann). While growing them he began to notice the laws of heredity. While working with the plants he studied seven different traits: plant height, seed color, seed shape, seed-coat color, pod shape, pod color, and flower distribution. In each of the traits he studied he compared two different expressions of the seeds, such as whether the seeds were tall or short. Based on the characteristics he would make crosses of the plants using artificial pollination. Using careful records Mendel studied the plants. It was using this data that he came up with the foundation for modern-day genetics. Mendel concluded that traits were handed down through hereditary elements in the gametes of plants (Mendel, Gregor Johann). He reasoned that each plant received two of these hereditary elements, one from each parent. He concluded that the hereditary elements must either be dominant or recessive and that the dominant elements would be the traits seen. Mendel also was able to summarize his findings into three theories. He first stated that during sperm or egg formation the alleles that code for a trait separate so that the egg or sperm only contains one allele or the other which was call...

Explore strategies that nurses can adopt to challenge practice in Essay

Explore strategies that nurses can adopt to challenge practice in relation to the care of older people .Challenging Practice, S - Essay Example Within the healthcare sector, the care of older adults is often filled with discriminatory practices, mostly in relation to the fact that they are no longer productive members of society and that their life expectancy is low (Katz, et.al., 2012). It is therefore common to witness the negative approaches that healthcare givers manifest towards older adults. The government through the Department of Health also believes that these patients are too old to engage in health promotion strategies (NMC, 2008). In general therefore, these older adults are often subjected to abuse in the health care system. Under these conditions, I have discovered the importance of reporting the abuse and neglect of these patients. This topic shall assess strategies that nurses can adopt in order to challenge practice in relation to the care of older people. I chose this topic because I want to increase my knowledge in effective ways, to challenge the practice and in turn, improve the services offered to these patients. Health inequalities include age discrimination, budget cuts for older adult care, neglect, as well as not being treated with dignity and respect (NMC, 2008). The Nursing and Midwifery Code (2008) specifies that older adults must not be discriminated against in their healthcare; instead, they must be treated with dignity and respect. ... This paper shall now explore the strategies that nurses can adopt to challenge practice in relation to the care of older people. Body In the effective management of elderly adults, relevant leadership theories include the trait theory, situational-contingency theory, and the transformational theory (Taylor, 2009). The trait theory discusses how leaders are often born with the traits they need in order to be good and effective leaders. Moreover, this theory also suggests that there are specific personalities and behaviour which make the person a good leader (Taylor, 2009). Qualities like assertiveness, confidence, intelligence, as well as sociability are therefore essential skills allowing natural leaders to emerge (Curtis, et.al., 2011). Leaders are born, according to the trait theory and specific behaviour and qualities in individuals are needed in order to ensure effective leadership (Curtis, et.al., 2011). Another theory relevant in nursing leadership is the situational-contingenc y theory. Based on this theory, leaders evaluate specific situations and their actions would be based on these situations they face (Bolden, et.al., 2003). Under these conditions, the situation, the leader, and the follower are part of the theory. For situational leadership, there is a recognition of the fact that there is no single type of leadership which can work for every situation or person, and that leadership is based on the specific qualities of the situation (Taylor, 2009). In some cases, an autocratic leadership may work well, especially under emergency conditions; however, in other instances, the more democratic style of leadership may work better. Finally, transformational theory may also apply

Sexual Abuse of Children Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Sexual Abuse of Children - Essay Example The four large scale factors aw self-report measures, improvement in other indicators of crime, administrative changes that have influenced decline, intervention strategies and programs. Other indicators of health status among American children and youth include rates of child abuse and neglect. While there is some controversy about whether the upswing in child abuse and neglect cases is a reflection of better reporting or of actual increases in cases, there appears to be a steady climb in the number of child abuse and neglect cases every year. The International Child Abuse Network: "Child abuse is the bad treatment of a child under the age of 18 by a parent, caretaker, someone living in their home or someone who works with or around children. Abuse of a child is anything that causes injury or puts the child in danger of physical injury" (Defining Child Maltreatment, n.d.). 'Sexual abuse' constitutes a continuum of activities which can range from flashing, exposure to pornographic material through inappropriate fondling to anal or vaginal penetration. On the other hand, just as feminists have sought to define rape as an act of violence, not a sexual act, it is right to remember that what is at stake in sexual abuse of a child is the expression of superior power rather than an inapposite sexual relationship. Sexual abuse is classless representing the expression of deep-structured inequalities - between men and women, between adults and children. Miller-Perrin and Wurtele underline that it is difficult to define sexual abuse "as all definitions are time- and culture-bound as well as direct reflections of the values and orientations of communities and societies at large" (Miller-Perrin, Wurtele, 1993, p. 3). According to statistical results, the vast majority of sexual abuse is perpetrated by adult males on girls. A standard definition of child sexual abuse is that it is the involvement of developmentally immature children and adolescents in sexual actions which they cannot fully comprehend, to which they cannot give informed consent, and which violate the taboos of social roles. It is somewhat redundant given what goes before, and it yokes abuse too closely to incest as traditionally understood (Jackson et al, 1991). Following Miller-Perrin and Wurtele, child sexual abuse "perpetrated by adults involves the exploitation of adult authority and power for sexual ends. This definition also includes children and adolescents as perpetrators if a situation involves the exploitation of a child by virtue of the perpetrator's size, age, sex, or status. It also includes experiences of physical contact between perpetrator and victim and those where contact may be limited or absent" (Miller-Perrin, Wurtele, 1993, p. 5). There were 669,000 reports of child maltreatment in 2005. By 2006, the reports were over 1 million, and in 2007, they had reached more than 2 million per year. Not only has there been a rise in the number of reports, but the type of injury has become increasingly serious, with a decline in the proportion of reports representing neglect and an increase in reports of sexual abuse and other serious maltreatment (the UK Statistics Authority 2008). . Each year, sexual abuse of children costs 4 millions pounds to the state (UK statistics Authority 2008). Area Child Protection Committees (ACPCs) provide the forum for joint working on child protection issues in the United Kingdom. Each ACPC must have

Internship report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10000 words

Internship report - Essay Example The intern was also able to participate in market campaigns for the different products sold by Unilever. The intern performed duties such as communicating with agents and following up their progress in the market, emailing customers and sales agents, and helping in the daily activities of the department. The purpose of the internship was to expose the student to real life situations where one would be able to apply the theoretical principles learned in class. They were also expected to be creative and innovative and help the marketing department in designing market research and product promotion techniques. An intern was also supposed to apply reasoning and show high sense of responsibility. Marketing is both a theoretical and practical skill. After getting the theoretical concepts related to marketing and the market, it is important that someone gets access to a real market and apply the skills learned in class. This is very important and helps one to develop decision-making skills and get to know the challenges in marketing. This report covers the activities conducted by an intern during the internship period at Unilever Company. It covers what was accomplished during the internship period and the learning outcomes that were met during the internship period. This report also gives recommendations on what the company can implement to increase its sales and operations. It also gives tips that the company can adopt to give better internship to future interns. The report is basically based on the marketing of Dove and the related challenges as seen in the market. It gives the strategies used by Unilever to ensure high sales volume in their products. It also covers the str ategies used by Unilever to ensure that they compete favorably in the market. A number of marketing campaigns have been highlighted to show the activities the intern participated to boost sales and track

Human Resource Management (HRM) in Different Organisations

Human Resource Management (HRM) in Different Organisations Human Resource Management (HRM) is the function within an organization that focuses on recruitment of, management of, and providing direction for the people who work in the organization. Human Resource Management can also be performed by line managers. (http://humanresources.about.com/od/glossaryh/f/hr_management.htm) Storey defines HRM as a distinctive approach to employment management which seeks to achieve competitive advantage through the strategic development of a highly committed and capable workforce, using an arryay of cultural, structural and personnel techniques. (Human Resource Management by Julie Beardwell Tim Claydon 5th edition) Thus, HRM includes so many activities like planning, recruitment, selection, training, motivation, remuneration, etc. HRM aims at mounting people through work. In addition to this concern for the individual, HRM is also about developing the environment within the company for developing good qualities. There must be good professional relationship between boss and the employees. The HR manager has to look at all these aspects of the company with long term view to the company. One way of presentating this is that it might have been said of the personnel manager that they were involved mainly in recruitment, payment and keeping account. They therefore concerned themselves with a fairly slight view of the people in the organization. (http://www.encompassculture.com/readinggroups/teachingmanagement/humanresourcemanagement/) The main activities of HRM: The one that we would list are as follows: Recruitment and selection Examples: HRM at nokia:Nokia Connecting People this motto is known all over the world. Nokia employs thousands of people from the world each and every year. Their method of recruitment is really very accurate and selective, and they recruit the people who fulfill their all requirements for the job. ( http://www.oppapers.com/essays/Nokia-Analysis/131739) Training and development Example: HRM at hospitality industry: Nowadays, in each and every industry, training is necessary. An introductory guide is fully updated with recent informations, news and datas.the hospitality industry mainly give attention to following avtivity of human resource management. Selection, appointment and induction Training and management development Labor turnover Employee relations and employment law (http://www.flipkart.com/human-resource-management-hospitality-industry/0750666366-s5w3f9hgko) HRM at B S healthcare London: It is the place where I am working. After interview they had a training for all new comers. It is basically a pharmacy industry which makes the medicines on daily order bases. When I was selected in the interview, I was told to complete 10 specific tasks related to my job of making the medicines, specially suspensions. And after identifying the skills they train the new employees nicely. (Personal experience) Example: Disneys Polynesian Resort: It has developed a training program, to facilitate employee understanding and commitment to the business and its values called Magic of Polynesia. At Edward Jones, new brokers attend 17 weeks of training at costs ranging between $50,000 and $70,000 per person. Conversely, many organizations provide minimal initial training, little on-going development programs, and poorly implemented on-the-job training (http://www.allbusiness.com/human-resources/1100302-1.html) Human resource planning Provision of contracts Provision of fair treatment Provision of equal opportunities Assessing performance of employees Employee counseling Example: HRM at health centers: Health centre employees must have some nice degree but it is also important that they behave very nicely to the patients. So continuous viewing of the staff in health centers must be monitored by the manager. Generally, in health centers HRM is being observed in following ways: A study of nurse staffing, organization and quality of care A study of staffing level, mix and outcome indicators An examination of nurse staffing, patient mortality rates.( http://www.human-resources-health.com/content/2/1/6#IDAQXWED) Employee welfare Example: HRM at Starbucks: Starbucks believes that one of their most expensive resources are their workers. Here the personnel are provided very good environment to work and they are very well treated by the boss also. Managers believe that they are playing the major role in their benefits. All workers are called partners of the starbucks, no matter what job they are doing in the coffee shop. Each partner is eligible to receive health care, participate in the Bean Stock program, and get a free pound of coffee each week. (http://www.academicmind.com/unpublishedpapers/business/marketing/2002-04-000aag-catching-the-starbucks-fever.html) Example: HRM at Hotels: Here, management staff is getting more benefits than non management receives. If the staff work more than 40 hours then they are paid per hour on regular basis and thay may get extra pay for doing over-time. They also have very good pension scheme and they can join in from day 1. (Human Resource management in hotel industry: strategy and innovation by Kim Hoque) Health and safety Example: HRM at airlines industry: Airlines have adopted a short-permits, cost-rational move toward to HRM and health and safety, evidenced by a range of plannings, in order to increase competitive advantage. But, here profit was considered more important than the health and safety of the workers. But nowadays, the management has been improved and the workers get more benefits from the company. (http://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/viewContentItem.do?contentType=ArticlehdAction=lnkpdfcontentId=879290) Disciplining individual Dealing with grievances Dismissal Negotiation Encouraging involvement (Introducing human resource management by Margaret Foot 2nd edition) Major characteristics of HRM: The major characteristics of HRM have been identified as follows: The importance of adopting a strategic approach is emphasized. Line managers play a very important role. They achieve the competitive advantage by the efforts of the workers. This can variously be interpreted into actions known as soft HRM. A unitary rather than a pluralist approach prevail in the relationship between managers and employees. (Introducing human resource management by Margaret Foot 2nd edition) Strategic human resource management: Strategic human resource management can be defined as the linking of human resources with strategic goals and objectives in order to progress business performance and develop organizational culture that foster innovation, flexibility and competitive advantage. In an organisation SHRM means accepting and involving the HR function as a strategic colleague in the formulation and execution of the companys strategies through HR behavior such as recruiting, selecting, training and rewarding personnel. (http://ezinearticles.com/?What-is-Strategic-Human-Resource-Management?id=549585) (http://www.indianmba.com/Faculty_Column/FC722/fc722.html) Since the early 1980s when human resource management arrived on the managerial agenda, there has been considerable debate concerning its nature and its nature and its value to organizations. Indeed, the now large literature rarely differentiates between HRM and SHRM. Some have focused HRM as a means of gaining commitment and linked this to outcomes of enhanced organizational performance and business effectiveness through best practice models or high performance work practices. (Human Resource Management by Julie Bardwell Tim Claydon, 5th edition) Features of SHRM: The key features of SHRM are: There is a strong relation between HR policy and practices and final organizational strategic aims and the organizational environment. There is some organizing diagram linking HR intervention so that they are equally helpful Much of the responsibility for the management of human resources is developed losing the line.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Example: HRM at Cisco System: Charles Schwab was the manager at Cisco system. They think that for providing outstanding customer services, it is necessary to treat their own employees very well. This translates into Schwab employees with five years of service being eligible for four-week paid sabbaticals that can be combined with vacation time. The practices at these sharp contrast to the well-known restaurants that pay minimum weges. ( http://www.allbusiness.com/human-resources/1100302-1.html) How SHRM differs from HRM: In the last two decades there has been an increasing awareness that HR functions were like an island unto itself with softer people-centred values far away from the hard world of real business. In order to justify its own existence HR functions had to be seen as more intimately connected with the strategy and day to day running of the business side of the enterprise. Strategic human resource management focuses on human resource programs with long-term objectives. Instead of focusing on internal human resource issues, the focus is on addressing and solving problems that effect people management programs in the long run and often globally. ((http://ezinearticles.com/?What-is-Strategic-Human-Resource-Management?id=549585) (http://www.indianmba.com/Faculty_Column/FC722/fc722.html) What are strategic goals and objectives?: Strategic goals are statements of what you wish to get over the period of planned plan, for examples next month, next year, ten years. They reflect the detailed analysis you do that starts with creating a idea, a role statement and a work statement, and then your analysis of your environment, strengths, opportunities and threats. In other way, drafting five or six major strategic or business goals may seem relatively simple. The actual writing may be but connecting the goals to the break of the strategic planning process requires a high degree of analytic and reasonable skill. Example: HRM in boots: boots is a company which produces different kind of products. It is very difficult to make a major change in the organizational staff, ans also it is too difficult for multitask business to single task operations. During the year 2002-03 boots engaged in a programme of focus group meeting for all of their retail employees with the aim of informing and engaging everyone in the business; this involved more than 51000 people staff. The key objective of the meeting was that all staff develop understanding of Boots markets, customers and competitors. (http://www.bized.co.uk/compfact/boots/boots_old/boots_old_15.htm) Organizational innovation and HRM: Innovations can be defined as deliberate and radical changes in existing products or services, processes or the organisation in order to reach competitive advantage compared with competitors . Crucial aspects in this definition are: Innovation means the introduction of something new, at least for the standing organization, in terms of new products or services, new technology or new forms of organization; Innovation takes place with the intention to gain some advantage; Innovations develop through radical jumps although many authors also speak of incremental innovation; Innovations can be managed; this means that there are activities/stages such as goal formulation, design and organization, implementation and monitoring. But they can also present an opportunity: answering them gives the organization the option to expand or to develop into a new direction. In our conceptual framework we distinguish four types of developments: Economic developments, like changes in markets and industries, changes in demands for products and/or services, etc. Technological developments, like the development and application of new technology. Social/cultural developments, like demographical changes, changes in individual preferences, such as individualization, emancipation of specific groups, etc. Political developments, like changes in government policies (towards innovations), general trends like liberalization of trade, supra-national co-operation, etc. (http://www.allbusiness.com/professional-scientific/management-consulting/1024364-1.html) Example of HRM-innovation: The delegation of the responsibility for the development and introduction of new work methods to a team (devolution). Example of HRM-innovation: The introduction of a reward system that is related to innovation outcomes, like the number of new products, the successful implementation of a new technology, etc. Example of HRM-innovation: The HR leadership award which was a part of global excellence awards presented at the congress, is in recognition of Mr. Joshis leadership and contribution to the field of HR. as a tradability. Example of HRM-innovations: The introduction of a more flexible staffing approach e.g. by giving people contracts for the duration of their projects instead of permanent contracts. (http://www.zyduscadila.com/press/Asia%20Pacfic%20HRM%20Congress%20Award%20.pdf) HRM and FLEXIBILITY: The human resource management practices that may affect labor flexibility, that is, the adaptability of a firms workforce. A random sample of managers in the largest manufacturers in Taiwan completed a structured questionnaire containing a measure of employee participation as an indicator of a firms labor flexibility. Important terms related to flexibility of an organization are listed below: Labor market flexibility, where it is said that regulation and resulting inflexibility of the job market act against growth and should be minimized. Flexible firm: a model of organization developed by the former Institute of Manpower Studies in the UK during the 1980s. Argues for a workforce composed of core and peripheral workforces. They take care of the organizations key functions. Peripheral workers are split into three categories: Regular employees engaged in relatively low-skill, routine work. Fairly low pay and insecure the next wave of technology can remove the need for these people. Contingent employees working on high-skill tasks, perhaps on short-term contracts or projects. High pay, no job security but this is compensated for by the freedom to pick and choose projects. Low-skill, low pay contract workers often provided by an agency for cleaning, routine security, catering, etc. Within the model there are some key explanatory concepts:numerical,functionalandpayflexibility and also distancing. The model has its critics and there is little evidence that organizations have made much use of it as a strategic concept. However, individual components such as sub-contracting are commonplace. Flexible specialization. An argument that fordism or mass production is declining in favor of smaller niche market manufacturing. Consumers are more demanding, it seems, wanting more individual products. Questionable. Example: HRM at McDonalds: McDonalds places emphasis on the training and development of its workers. They provide career opportunities for people to achieve their potential. Specially, the firm offers both part-time and full-time career opportunities, which helps staff to combine work with family or educational commitments. Job progression is used to encourage employees who got their 1st job in the firm to progress to manage positions. Over half of the companys middle and senior managers have moved up from restaurant-based positions. ( http://www.bized.co.uk/compfact/mcdonalds/mc16.htm) Managing organizations strategically: A processual view of strategy sees it as the pattern emerging over the time in an organization as actions of both planned and unplanned nature are carried out to enable the organization as a whole to carry on into the future. It follows from this view that strategic choices or managerial decisions are those that have: A corporate dimension: relate to the whole organization as opposed simply to a part of it; A long term implication: whether this be a matter of just surviving in the sense of staying viable or a matter of aiming to operate at higher level of performance. (The strategic management of human resources-Jhon Leopold 2nd edition) SHRM and culture: Over the past decade, the management of a firms entire supply chain has become the process for building improved and stronger upstream and downstream business linkage. Over the past decade, the management of a firms total supply chain has become the process for building better and stronger upstream and downstream business linkages. He concept organizational culture refers to the character of a firm, i.e., what makes the organization unique in the eyes of insiders and outsiders. While there are many definitions of culture, the common theme is the presence of shared values, beliefs, assumptions, and patterns of behavior. Two critical cultural elements are inherent in this definition. The first element of culture is the shared nature of job or role expectations. Over time, supply chain members also develop a common awareness about what is expected of them and what they can anticipate in return. In this sense, there are two aspects of shared expectations: The internal culture that characterizes employee expectations and The external culture that designates channel member expectations. (The strategic management of human resources-Jhon Leopold 2nd edition) Conclusion: I, definitely, think that the linking of HRM with strategic goals and objectives by any organization will help to improve business performance and develop organizational culture s that foster and flexibility. Research on diversity of national cultures and their influence on employees behavior inspire much optimism about emerging perspectives on culture and SHRM practices. There is a growing amount of research that illuminates differences in the way organizations around the globe make decisions, allocate resources, negotiate, manage and motivate employees and train them. Also, from above examples, it can be said that human resource management plays most important role in development of any organization. Strategic HRM is really important for creating innovative culture of an organization. REFERENCES: What Is Human Resource Management?-http://humanresources.about.com/od/glossaryh/f/hr_management.htm HRM INTRODUCTION-http://tutor2u.net/business/people/hrm_introduction.htm hrm- http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/human-resource-management-HRM.html Strategic human resource management-http://www.cipd.co.uk/subjects/corpstrtgy/general/strathrm.htm HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT http://www.encompassculture.com/readinggroups/teachingmanagement/humanresourcemanagement/ Influence of Culture on Strategic Human Resourcehttp://www.strathmore.edu/research/strategic-human-resource-mgt.pdf Challenges of hrm-http://www.zeromillion.com/business/hrm.html What is hrm?-http://ezinearticles.com/?What-is-Strategic-Human-Resource-Management?id=549585 Can you give me an example of human resource management at the company?-http://www.bized.co.uk/compfact/mcdonalds/mc16.htm Nokia analysis-http://www.oppapers.com/essays/Nokia-Analysis/131739 Office of Personnel Management- http://www.opm.gov/studies/alignnet.pdf Can you give me an example of HRM at the company?-http://www.bized.co.uk/compfact/boots/boots_old/boots_old_15.htm HRM in the airline industry: strategies an outcomeshttp://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/viewContentItem.do?contentType=ArticlehdAction=lnkpdfcontentId=879290 Hrm at The Hospitality Industry http://www.flipkart.com/human-resource-management-hospitality-industry/0750666366-s5w3f9hgko The effects of culture and human resource management- http://www.allbusiness.com/human-resources/1100302-1.html Hand book on hrm- http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=D78K7QIdR3UCpg=PA142dq=hrm%2Bgoalssource=gbs_selected_pagescad=3#v=onepageq=hrm%2Bgoalsf=false Innovating Organisations and HRM:-http://www.allbusiness.com/professional-scientific/management-consulting/1024364-1.html What Are The Characteristics of Good Strategic Goals and Objectives Within Strategic Planning?http://work911.com/planningmaster/faq/goalsgood.htm http://www.human-resources-health.com/content/2/1/6#IDAQXWED JOURNAL of diversity management- Third Quarter 2007 Human Resource Management by Julie Beardwell Tim Claydon, 5th edition Organizational Behaviour by David Buchanan, 5th edition Introducing human resource management by Margaret Foot 2nd edition The strategic management of human resources-Jhon Leopold 2nd edition Human resource management practiceBy Michael Armstrong page 144 Human Resource management in hotel industry: strategy and innovation by Kim Hoque Strategic Human Resource Management by Susan Jacson BIBLIOGRAPHY: JOURNAL of diversity management- Third Quarter 2007 Human Resource Management by Julie Beardwell Tim Claydon, 5th edition Organizational Behaviour by David Buchanan, 5th edition Introducing human resource management by Margaret Foot 2nd edition The strategic management of human resources-Jhon Leopold 2nd edition Human resource management practiceBy Michael Armstrong page 144 Human Resource management in hotel industry: strategy and innovation by Kim Hoque Strategic Human Resource Management by Susan Jacson

All Quiet On The Western Front :: essays research papers

The Sorrows of War and the Glorious Lies   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Is it really worth it? Is the simple order by a superior officer enough for someone to spill the blood of innocent soldiers? In All Quiet on the Western Front, a novel by Erich Maria Remarque, a group of soldiers learn the hard way about the realities of war. They encounter trench warfare and hand-to-hand combat and slowly see how horrible the war is. Using the book, the author expresses his hatred towards war and how only evil comes from it. The emotions and actions of the soldiers represent the realities of war where brotherhoods are formed, the public is tricked in seeing war as good, and how deep inside everyone is the same.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The soldiers in the Second Company form this bond between each other that represents that of all wartime buddies. They develop these friendships where they depend on each other so that they can make it through the war. The young soldiers play cards, smoke together and joke around together to pass time when they are not fighting. Their reactions towards dying friends show their love for one another. â€Å"Suddenly little Kropp throws his cigarette away, stamps on it savagely, and looking around him with a broken and distracted face, stammers â€Å"Damned sh*t, the damned sh*t!†Ã¢â‚¬  (page 18). Even after their good friend Kemmerich passes away, the circle of friends is able to pull together and get through it all. They have a deep love for each other. Some soldiers like Paul and Katczinsky even feel a father/son relationship with each other. â€Å"We don’t talk much, but I believe we have a more complete communion with one another than even lovers have† (page 94). The war has brought them together. It has made them rely on each other for survival and has brought them to forget the horrors of war.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The soldiers fight because of simple orders. They really have nothing to gain from it. Their superior officers don’t know what its like. They get out on the battlefield and cowardly turn away. All those people who romanticize war including Kantorek and Himmelstoss go to trench warfare and they see the real truth. They see that they have misled the public with propaganda and their continuous actions to have people volunteer. â€Å"Quickly I jump back into the dug-out and find him with a small scratch lying in a corner pretending to be wounded.

Investment Banking Essay

1. Why were proponents of deregulation so successful in the late 1990s? How much can we blame deregulation for the meltdown in the investment banking industry, and how could the government have foreseen and/or stopped the domino effect before the crisis of 2008?s The gov could have decided to not back up what they were not regulating. They are partly to blame for the crisis because who knows if the banks would have issued the loans they issued and taken on huge amounts of risk if they didn’t have the guarantee of the banks behind them. 2. Could any one of the investment banks have remained competitive without following the industry trend of taking on increasing amounts of leverage to boost returns on investment? If so, how? It is not likely that an investment bank could have made the huge profits other banks were making with that leverage to boost returns. They could have possibly taken on less risk and been more profitable in the long run, but not likely that they could have kept up short term. 3. Why was Lehman Brothers allowed to collapse while Bear Stearns was not? The investment bank of Lehman Brothers played a different part in the market than Bear Stearns. The government didn’t want this bankruptcy spreading and so they were able to convince JP Morgan to buy out Bear Stearns while they let Lehman Brothers collapse and pick up the pieces. 4. Did the compensation structure of the investment banking industry encourage banking executives and employees to take on excessive risk to boost short-term profits? Why or why not? Banks were encouraged to take on huge amounts of risk because of the very high return. For a while, there were no consequences for defaults because risk was being transferred but they got to keep the money made off the loans and bonds issued. 5. How much of the industry-wide crisis stemmed from the investment banks’ financials and the current economic climate as opposed to investor panic and speculation? The investment banks are mostly to blame because their conditions caused investor panic and speculation. Banks should have anticipated their uninformed investors rash behavior because that is very hard to control. 6. Both Bear and Lehman bailed out their proprietary hedge funds. Did they have any other option? What would have happened had they not done so? Investors and employers had a lot of skin in the game in the hedge fund market so they had a lot of pressure to bail out these funds. If they had  chosen not to bail them out then their reputations would have gone downhill eventually leading to their investors distrust of the firm. 7. Could Morgan Stanley and Goldman Sachs have survived without becoming bank holding companies? What were the benefits and disadvantages of becoming bank holding companies? What does designation as bank holding companies mean for the way Morgan and Goldman operate going forward? By becoming bank holding companies the power was put into very few hands. Becoming a bank holding company increases diversity so that you do not only play in one market. This lessons risk but perhaps also decreases high returns that can be made if you focus on the investment banking business. Perhaps they could have survived if they had been able to come up with a balance of risk to take. Morgan and Goldman needed to expand from solely investment banking and perform commercial banking operations as well.

Using Vivre in French Expressions

Using Vivre in French Expressions The French verb vivre literally means to live and is also used in many idiomatic expressions. Learn how to be at peace, move with the times, live to a ripe old age, and more with this list of expressions with vivre. Possible Meanings of vivre to liveto be alive(in the passà © composà ©) to be over, to have had its day, to be a thing of the past Expressions with vivre vivre au jour le jourto live from hand to mouthvivre aux crochets de quelquun (informal)to live/sponge off someonevivre avec quelquunto live with someonevivre avec son à ©poqueto move with the timesvivre avec son tempsto move with the timesvivre biento live wellvivre centenaireto live to be 100vivre comme mari et femmeto live as husband and wifevivre damour et deau fraà ®cheto live on love alone, to live a carefree lifevivre dangereusementto live dangerouslyvivre dans la crainteto live in fearvivre dans les livresto live in booksvivre dans le passà ©to live in the pastvivre deto live on, make a living fromvivre de lair du tempsto live on airvivre des temps troublà ©sto live in troubled timesvivre en paix (avec soi-mà ªme)to be at peace (with oneself)vivre largementto live wellvivre le prà ©sentto live for the presentvivre linstantto live for the momentvivre mal quelque chose  to have a hard time of somethingvivre que pour quelque choseto live for somethingvivre sa foito live out ones faithvivre sa vieto live ones own lifevivre son artto live out ones artvivre sur sa rà ©putationto get by on the strength of ones reputationvivre une pà ©riode de criseto be going through a period of crisisvivre vieuxto live to a ripe old ageavoir (juste) de quoi vivreto have (just) enough to live onà ªtre facile/difficile vivreto be easy/difficult to live withfaire vivre quelquunto support somone, keep someone goingsavoir vivreto know how to live (have a good life) or to know how to behave  se laisser vivreto live for the day, to take life as it comestravailler pour vivreto work for a livingÇa lui apprendra vivreThatll straighten him out. Lhomme ne vit pas seulement de pain.Man shall not live by bread alone.Il fait bon vivre.Its good to be alive.Il faut bien vivre  !You have to live!Il me fait vivreIt pays the bills, Its a livingIl vit un beau roman damourHis life is a love story come trueJe vais lui apprendre vivreIll teach him a thing or twoLaissez-les vivre  !Let them be!On ne voyait à ¢me qui viveThere wasnt a living soul to be seen.Qui vivra verra.What will be will be.La vie ne vaut pas la peine dà ªtre và ©cue.Life isnt worth living.Vive... !Long live ...! Hurrah for ...!Vive la France !Long live France!lart de vivreway of lifela joie de vivrejoy of lifele savoir-vivremannersle vivre et le couvertbed and boardle vivre et le logementroom and boardles vivressupplies, provisionscouper les vivres quelquunto cut off someones means of subsistenceà ªtre sur le qui-viveto be on the alertla vielifeCest la vie  !Thats life!vivant (adj)living, alive, livelyde son vivantin his/her lifetimela vive-eauspring tidev ivement (adv)brusquely, sharplyVivre conjugations

The Path

The Path I have a mantra I preach at conferences, where writers are looking to me for advice on making a dollar at this writing thing. The fact is there isnt one path to writing, there isnt one income stream (unless you take a full-time job as a writer), and whatever path youre on will unexpectedly twist, turn and fork. Any assignment, contest, publication credit or gig can alter your direction, giving you options you never imagined. And if youre so set on a given journey you just might overlook opportunity, because sometimes it subtly taps your shoulder as its whisking past. The shrewd writer stays tuned for chances. Others sit back, waiting for opportunity to knock on the door, show its business card, and dump buckets of money at their feet. This business is as much about staying keen and open to opportunity as it is about writing. A contest, even with an entry fee of $25, might give the finalists publication on top of the prize money. That publishing credit might grab the attention of another publication, editor or agent. But if you fear contests, how will you know? Whoosh.there goes opportunity. Your grant application might not achieve the $2,000 you seek, but a panelist judge could remember your name for a different opportunity down the road. The magazine feature you wrote just to put a few bucks in your pocket while you hammer your novel could add several hundred people to your platform, newsletter or Facebook page. As Im fond of preaching, more people read your magazine article in a weekend than will read your book in a year. Your crowdfunding project can open doors to agents and publishers, build platform, and add oomph to your resume as youre pitching for gigs. A speaking engagement can land you three others, freelance writing gigs, an opportunity to sell your books, even acquire more reviews on Amazon that could raise your rankings. All of the funding opportunities out there are easily entangled tangled in a good way. But if you keep seeing your profession as a straight and narrow path to success, youll wake up one day lost, with your missed opportunities in someone elses pocket. Eyes open, people. Study all your writing options. If I hadnt entered contests, my agent would not have signed me. If I hadnt spoken to a small town radio station one cold morning, I would not have landed the three other speaking events, and a request to stock my books in an indie bookstore. You get the picture. The Path The Path The Path-Goal Theory and Leadership Essay Reading 092215 A great deal of research has has been designed to study directive and supportive leadership, but few studies address participative and achievement oriented leadership. The claims of the path-goal theory remain tentative because the research findings to date do not provide s full and consistent picture of the basic assumptions and corollaries of path-goal theory (Evans, 1996; Jermier, 1996, Schriesheim & Neider, 1996). A total of 482 results were retrieved from 120 studies that were found in 103 articles and monograms, dissertations, and unpublished manustripts giving the researchers a total sample sixe of 83,105. An appropriate instrument has yet to be identified that could measure suppportive and achievement-oriented†¦.Previous instruments used varied ..the correleations varied too mush. Thus, moderator analyses were conducted only for studies that used instruments that did not obtain different mean correlations for a given relationship. Clearly, it is unfornuate that a single, appropriate instrument was not identified early and used uniformly for testing path-goal theories. Suggests that future studies should include measurement of the leadership behaviors from different sources than those used for measurement of the dependent variable. The common method variance problem operated for most of the studies. Except for the studies that used the Leadership Opinion Questionnaire (LOQ) instrument, sugjective measures of both the independent and dependent variable were obtained from subordinated. Even the performance measures were subjectively assessed in all but three of the studies. The lead ership behaviors should involve different sources. Woffard and Criska, 1993). Evans, M. G. (1996). M. G. (1996). R. J. House’s â€Å"A path-goal theory of leader effectiveness.† Leadership Quarterly, 7(3), 305-309. Jermier, J. M. (1996). The path-goal theory of leadership: A subtextual analysis.

Crime Causation and Diversion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Crime Causation and Diversion - Essay Example In the end, they opt to take their behaviour in the society (Rubin, 2009). Moreover, juvenile delinquent behaviours could also be attributed to race. Black Americans and Mexicans youths engage in more delinquent behaviours due to their social class and deep rooted culture of violence. Adolescents in wanting to feel recognized in the society, engage in adult activities to corrupt their behaviour (Rubin, 2009). Following a rise of incidences of juvenile delinquency, a number of juvenile interventions programs became introduced in the state where I live. The two intervention programs commonly used in the state encompass the Intensive Delinquency Diversion Service (IDDS) and the Teen Court (Rubin, 2009). These intervention programs became founded to help reduce juvenile crimes in the area through a number of interventions they provide. These programs help model youth offenders with an aim of preventing them to become adult offenders in the future (Rubin, 2009). Q. 2 Intensive Delinquency Diversion Service aims at preventing young offenders from growing into chronic and adult offenders in future (Rubin, 2009). ... Teen courts hence prosecute youth offenders with minor offenders through the help of other offenders in order to give them a near experience of how the court in the real world would be like. Q. 3 The key participants in these programs involve all females and males under the age of 18 years with a history of delinquent behaviour (Rubin, 2009). Intensive Delinquency Diversion Service for instance often enrolls youths engaged in first offense at an age of 15 or less, children involved in truancy, poor school performance, and children that lack of parental supervision, children having substance abuse problems plus those affiliated to gangs (Rubin, 2009). Participants in Intensive Delinquency Diversion Service often are providing a wider scope for the program to function through capturing and correcting youth offenders before worsening to adult offenders (Rubin, 2009). The key participants in the Teen Courts entail youth offenders under the age of 18 years and judged by their peers. These courts often have youth volunteers to judge their peers (Rubin, 2009). Q. 4 Intensive Delinquency Diversion Service often provides a number of services to the juvenile offenders (Rubin, 2009). They include mental health or substance abuse counselling, curfews, doing community service, restitution to the affected victims, writing of letters of apology, forfeiture of driver’s license, and avoidance of contact with co-defendants, peers that encouraged the child into the given delinquent behaviour (Rubin, 2009). In teen courts, youth offenders become provided with firsthand experience of how the courts will be. The program helps in sentencing youths for minor delinquent behaviour and provision of sanctions to the offenders through a peer driven sentencing mechanism

Organizational Managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Organizational Managment - Essay Example This is because social media like facebook and twitter or even skype is the way to capture the attention of a larger group of people especially the youth and hence making it easier to know their thoughts and even challenges and way forward suggestions about health care in general. There are however also challenges and especially concerning the use of technology and social media. One of the greatest challenges is that of confidentiality which should be a priority where QI in health care is involved. There is also risk of the systems being hacked and sensitive health care information falling into the wrong hands. The other challenge is that with new changes in the QI of health care sector, there are required resources in terms of technicians qualified to handle these changes and also monetary resources to install the new systems and to advertise or even collect information over the social media. More time will therefore be necessary for the above to be completed and this may affect the current QI process in place (Sollecito and Johnson,

Western australia demand and supply Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Western australia demand and supply - Essay Example These estimates use the 2006 Census base for the population benchmarks. Details of further rebenchmarking of the Labour Force estimates, including the 2011 Census-based rebenchmarking, are included in the feature article  Rebenchmarking of Labour Force Seriesin this publication. The ABS will commence a trial of on-line electronic data collection of labour force data from households in December 2012. The trial will be conducted on one rotation group of the Labour Force Survey (i.e. one-eighth of the survey sample). As part of this trial, respondents in this rotation group will be offered the option of completing their labour force survey questionnaire on-line instead of a face-to-face or telephone interview. Information about the trial will be included in the December 2012 issue of this publication, due for release on 17 January 2013. The trial will continue for a number of months prior to a decision on rolling out an electronic collection option progressively to the full sample of the Labour Force Survey. The estimates in this publication are based on a sample survey. Published estimates and the movements derived from them are subject to sampling variability. Standard errors give a measure of sampling variability. The interval bounded by two standard errors is the 95% confidence interval, which provides a way of looking at the variability inherent in estimates. There is a 95% chance that the true value of the estimate lies within that interval.   For further information about these and related statistics, contact the National Information and Referral Service on 1300 135 070, email client.services@abs.gov.au or Labour Force on Canberra (02) 6252 6525, email

Romeo and Juliet Essay Example for Free

Romeo and Juliet Essay Romeo and Juliet has always been known as one of Shakespeares most popular and tragic love story plays. It is known for its dramatic ending love scene and tale of twisted fate. This essay is based upon the pathos of the last scene of Romeo and Juliet. Pathos is a quality that arouses emotions such as pity, sympathy or despair. This is therefore why the essay is based upon the last scene as it is the most tragic and dramatic scene in the play which successfully arouses sympathy in the reader due to the tragic atmosphere created by Shakespeare. The atmosphere is created in Act 5 by Shakespeares gift of writing that effectively arouses emotions and passions in the reader. For example, Romeos death was unnecessary as Juliet was merely sleeping which Romeo was unaware of. Shakespeare increases the feeling of pathos in the audience by the dramatic use of irony as the audience know that Juliet is alive therefore there is an alternative ending possible however Romeo is convinced of her death and with a broken heart takes his own life leaving the audience feeling a sense of despair at this unnecessary tragedy. Another example of dramatic irony is shown in the quote: thou art not conquerd beautys ensign yet Is crimson in thy lips and in thy cheeks, And deaths pale flag is not advanced there.. Here Romeo is distraught that she is dead and is saying shes looking beautiful, how can she be dead. Of course she isnt dead, merely sleeping, and the audience painfully know this. This then increases the feeling of pathos with the use of dramatic irony. O my love, my wife, Death, that hath suckd the honey of thy breath.. the language used in this section is beautiful and very dramatic, the deep, in depth language has a great affect on the atmosphere, and the feeling and emotions in the audience. Written plays, unlike most novels perhaps, are composed in the present tense which engages the reader as they know directly what is going on in the characters head, rather than being presented historically in the past tense, which has a less dramatic effect on the reader. It is more gripping when written in the present tense as the story unfolds directly before the reader. Heres to my love! (drinks) oh true apothecary ! thy drugs are quick then thus with a kiss I die this quote from Act 5, Scene 3 is when Romeo drinks the poison and is an example of Shakespeares dramatic language. The pathos and atmosphere builds up as Juliet awakes I do remember well where I should be; and where is my Romeo? as she rises to find Romeos body. This scene is very tragic as fate has struck in such a terrible way. This is mostly due to the heavy, strong tragic language used, it has a dramatic affect on the scene. O churl, drunk all, and left no friendly drop To help me after? I will kiss thy lips.. as you can notice from the quote, the language used is so deep and poetic, especially at this dramatic stage in the play. It is so affective as the audience sympathise with the characters, because the language succeeds in involving them with the plot. The build up to the ending scene has a great affect on the pathos, as the letter does not get to Romeo, and there is a worried, anxious atmosphere in the audience- as nobody knows what shall become of Romeo, and if Friar Lawrence will get to Romeo in time to tell him. There is a great build up which grows through the play, and by the ending scene there is a great anxious atmosphere, which has gradually built up through the play. The above scene and setting (in a tomb) creates a sombre mood and makes the reader empathise with the language more effectively (again increasing the whole pathos and feeling to the scene). The scene is taking place in a gloomy tomb with sleeping bodies, including Juliet who is looking peaceful in her sleep, the setting is therefore dark and gloomy and even more tragic. Shakespeare has therefore created a very tragic and saddening mood by choosing that setting for the most dramatic scene. I am almost afraid to stand alone Here in the churchyard, yet I will adventure. The setting is therefore creating an atmosphere as well as the language-which arouses peoples emotions even more and helps contribute to the pathos. To conclude, what contributes towards the pathos of Shakespeares play is the atmosphere he creates through language, characters, scene, setting and ironic situations through his clever development of the storyline, the other characters also contribute, as it seems as though they are all against Romeo and Juliet- apart from Friar Lawrence and Juliets nurse. Friar Lawrences good intentions precipitate the tragedy- although it wasnt his fault and he was only trying to help the difficult situation. As for Old Capulet and Lady Capulet who do make the situation worse-and could in fact be blamed for the tragedy, this is something the audience think about after the play, which characters could be blamed for the tragedy, this therefore does affect the pathos in a great way. The language, setting, characters and build up all come together at the end to create a great atmosphere and pathos.

The Role Guilt Plays in Franz Kafkas The Trial Essay -- European Lite

What is guilt? Is Josef K. guilty? What is he guilty of? All of these questions come to mind when you read The Trial by Franz Kafka, but they are not easily answered. The question of guilt is a theme that runs through the entire novel, and it serves to enlighten the reader as to what, I believe, Kafka is trying to say. So what is Kafka trying to say? If one looks at the opening sentence, in the light of the rest of the novel, I believe that it helps to clue us into Kafka's message. The fact that K. believes he has not done "anything truly wrong" (3) harkens back to the question of guilt. So because K. feels he is not fully guilty of anything, why is he hounded by the law? This is where the main theme of the book comes into play in my opinion. Kafka wants us to recognize, with the help of the opening sentence, that K. has done something wrong: he has lived an unexamined life dominated by routine, normalcy, and other people. This is what K. is guilty of. Is living an unexamined life "truly wrong?" I think that Kafka is arguing that it is wrong because by leading that type of life one is merely walking through life blind and not reaching our full potential. The first inkling of the fact that K. lives his life with blinders on, focused merely on the day to day, is his lack of recognition about a number of things. He does not know if he might have committed some minor infraction for which he is now being arrested. He does not realize that the guards are men that work at the bank with him. Later on his way to the court for the first time he makes the realization that he noticed something he normally would not have. All these things point to the fact that K. just goes about his business and day to day affairs with out care for his su... ...comes quite evident. Kafka is calling for all of humanity to stand up and take control of their own lives. Through self-examination, Kafka believes, that we can come to terms with some personal truth that gives this life meaning. For years people have looked to worldly and spiritual vehicles to find meaning, Kafka is urging that we instead turn inside to within and find something in our own humanity that gives this life meaning. Much like Goethe, Kafka believes our free will is what makes us human, and the exercise of free will is what makes or lives truly meaningful. So, do not rely on the whims of the governing or even the church; make your own decisions. Kafka urges to decide every day how you are going to live your life and then do it because you never know when the Day of Judgment may come. Works Cited Kafka, Franz. The Trial. New York: Schocken Books, 1998.