Roots (Uc Personal Statement) free essay sample

The soft tones are the establishment of the house, the flour in the bread, the underlying foundations of the tree. I am the low metal area pioneer of the Santa Cruz High Marching Band. At the point when this year started, I had six new individuals coming into the area. I realized it would be a troublesome year however I was resolved to make a strong area, despite the fact that five of the six newcomers had never played their instruments. I recollected my first year in band and how I felt about my segment head, Sasha. At the point when I previously joined band I was scared by the entirety of the new faces and I didnt need to take a stab at walking. At the point when I disclosed to Sasha I wasnt eager about the walking she encouraged me to attempt it at any rate. She revealed to me many individuals had said they didnt need to do it from the outset yet afterward delighted in it. We will compose a custom exposition test on Roots (Uc Personal Statement) or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page I imagined that I would be the one exemption, however after the primary rivalry, I began to value being in the band. Sasha consistently appeared to recognize what wasn't right and how to fix it; I took each bit of prompt she gave me with quietude. It was my segment head that acquainted me with the band. At the point when the year began, I needed to resemble Sasha to these new individuals. I showed the new understudies the basics of their instruments and the standards of the band. I sorted out sectional time and pushed them all to refine and to remember their parts. The opposition season began to draw nearer and we started to stress over how we would sound. Practically 50% of the band was comprised of first year recruits or individuals new to band. Despite the fact that I didnt know how we would sound this year I still consistently kept an uplifting demeanor and never let my segment think skeptically. When rivalry season started, I had begun to feel like Sasha. I felt somewhat like an educator and incompletely like an elder sibling to my area. The best sentiment of pride originates from watching individuals I earnestly attempt to help succeed. To me, there is nothing more satisfying than seeing the looks on the new understudies faces when they see that we have won in front of the pack at another opposition.

Decentralized Planning in India free essay sample

What is Sectoral Planning and Spatial Planning? When arranging is finished with a dream and mission to build up a specific area at exactly that point the arrangement turns into a Setoral Plan. In Setoral Planning unreasonable fixation is given in monetary exercises of the metropolitan districts. In India it has profited the development and advancement of Metro areas however neglected to build up the country and in reverse locales. In India 70% of the individuals live in provincial region. To create India the arrangement ought to be made to build up the country districts which ought to incorporate advancement plans for all the areas impacting the locale. Since advancement of one division prompts sway on a few segments a far reaching plan is to be readied considering all the reactions and effects on the related areas other than focusing on a specific segment. This has become a need in present situation for the improvement of India. This idea of arranging prompts the idea of Spatial Planning. Spatial arranging alludes to the strategies and plans used to impact by and large the dispersion of individuals and exercises over a locale in different scales. It is the thought of what can and ought to occur in a locale. It researches the communication of various approaches and practice across territorial space, and sets the job of spots in a more extensive setting. In Spatial arranging, for a district the key impacting segments are recognized and a thorough arrangement is readied considering all the divisions with appropriate coordination at different degrees of between activities. Neighborhood advancement can be accomplished careful spatial arranging approach, where in key improvement areas are synergically co-ordinated. It is of most extreme significance to get ready urban/neighborhood improvement plans with a drawn out point of view by focusing on different advancement divisions. Such a spatial arrangement is traditionally alluded to as a Development Plan or Master Plan. Arranging Process in India The arranging framework in India was increasingly brought together one. In brought together arranging, the component stays at the top level just offering significance to remuneration or harm control model, it had disregarded people’s support in general. Again the Indian arranging framework was allocative and sectoral in nature. In this manner absence of spatial worry in monetary arranging has brought about unequal turn of events. Along these lines dependent on different conversations held in such manner, endeavors were made to decentralize the arranging framework. The most mportant occasion throughout the entire existence of decentralized arranging process in India was the proclamation of 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts on December 22nd 1992 giving protected status to Local Self-Government Institutions (LSGIs) meaning to revert practical and finan cial forces to the nearby bodies. Spatial Planning †A Comprehensive Approach for Local Development India has been occupied with farsighted monetary arranging since freedom. Regardless of the significant accomplishments of the Five Year Plans, next to no valuable consideration has been paid to the spatial parts of social and financial change occurring in the nation. The utilitarian character of a zone is dictated by the total elements of all segments of economy concentrated there. Advancement of a territory, accordingly, requires a purposeful coordination of at any rate a couple of key areas which was missing in arranging endeavors. Need of Spatial Planning National Commission on Urbanization (NCU), 1988 appropriately recognizes the need of spatial arranging. Every speculation, whatever is the part, has a positive physical sign and geological area. Likewise, it produces a chain of formative driving forces influencing, in a few cases, the exercises of different parts and results in a related spatial example. For instance, the effect of interest in a water system venture, an enormous dam (in the rural division), on different areas can be recognized at two phases †(i)During the development of the Dam and (ii) After culmination of the Dam. During the main stage, the store of the dam will cause removal of town and individuals. This will request a resettlement plan for uprooted people and another spatial request. This work would require the co-appointment of the spatial arranging part (Figure 1. 1). Nearby improvement must be accomplished exhaustive spatial arranging approach, where in key advancement areas are synergically co-ordinated. The subsequent stage creates three chains of formative driving forces. (i)Generation of hydroelectric force, which needs co-appointment with power area. (ii)Development of water sports and the travel industry requiring coordination with the travel industry area. (iii) Development of horticulture and this, on one side, expands region under concentrated development which will improve requests for progressively agrarian data sources like manures and furthermore farming executes (e. . Instruments and tractors),. This will bring about mechanical turn of events and, thus co-appointment with the modern segment. On the opposite side, the horticultural improvement increments attractive overflow, requiring product lodging, handling, promoting and streets. This will offer ascent to the advancement of handling and showcasing focuses, which will impact chang es in the current settlement capacities, exercises, chain of command and spatial example. This thus would require co-appointment with the spatial arranging segment. Advancement of rustic streets will require co-appointment and coordination with the vehicle division and since land use and settlement design are firmly identified with transportation organize, it will additionally require co-appointment with the spatial arranging area (Figure 1. 1). Comparable instances of chains of formative driving forces produced by interests in a single part influencing the exercises of different areas can be identified†. Every one of these variables are dealt with in Spatial Planning. Figure 1. 2 shows a zone where another water system venture has been dispatched. On the off chance that we consider the effect of this undertaking on different parts various situations might be developed. Figure 1. 3 shows a potential change in a similar zone appeared in Figure 1. 2 after the finish of the undertaking. This is only one of the conceivable outcomes and there might be more situations on the line, contingent upon numerous components, including the accessibility of assets, both normal and human and nearby needs and so on. The evaluation of necessities and accessibility of assets can be best done at the grass root level. The Grama sabhas, the working gatherings and the Committee/Council of the Local Self Government Institution will without a doubt give the stage. The appraisal of neighborhood needs and accessibility of assets in a region joined with sway investigation of ventures on different segments would empower to take choices on the kind of exercises that would be generally reasonable for the advancement of the zone. At that point comes the significant piece of deciding the most reasonable areas for these exercises, basically benefits and nfrastructure offices, which completely relies upon the land use example of the territory. This further underlines the requirement for spatial arranging. Obviously through arranged intercessions, one can explicitly decide the kind of exercises and their areas, which are generally appropriate to create at some random zone at a given purpose of time with the goal that they can make synergic formative driving forces prompting the development of a necessary spatial example. On the off chance that the formative driving forces and following spatial example resultant of a specific action can be anticipated, that in reality will give the vision or viewpoint, which is right now ailing in our decentralized arranging process. Along these lines neighborhood advancement, one of the significant destinations of decentralized arranging process, can be accomplished just when intentional co-appointment of at any rate a couple of key parts is guaranteed relying on the character of the zone. This implies, sectoral decentralized arranging directly by and by is really de-concentrated Planning and genuine decentralized arranging can be accomplished distinctly through spatial arranging approach.

HRM 2 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

HRM 2 - Research Paper Example The firm tries to improve the profitability of the staff to acknowledge more noteworthy yield at moderately minimal effort. This arrangement is in accordance with the strategy prescribed by their supervisory crew to improve the government assistance of the representatives for better hierarchical execution. Clinix is built up on a solid establishment of the soul of administration to humankind and this discloses its expect to give an open to workplace to the laborers and customers in accordance with endeavors to acknowledge quality social insurance arrangement as proposed by the contemporary battle on the medicinal services area over the globe. The Human asset office is at the focal point of conversation with respect to the expanding pressure on it to create systems of improving worker execution. The HR the board in this firm is additionally expected to look for profoundly talented human capital that would convey quality yield to legitimize the pay charge and advance the association an d the open relationship. Effective achievement of these HR execution projections are pegged on the previously mentioned authoritative vital arrangement. The present human asset rehearses in Clinix medicinal services can be sorted at a normal level. The association has consistently been taking a shot at a legally binding commitment of the greater part of its staff particularly the attendants as a procedure of pushing workers to perform in the event that they are to have their agreements reestablished. Note that the HR has rigid laws and corrective measures most definitely. Issues like unexplained non-attendance, tormenting of collaborators, resistance, and careless conduct towards wellbeing safety measure specifications of the association are profoundly disallowed and can draw in overwhelming punishments whenever focused on the constraint of indictment. Another basic act of Clinix HR is its complaint towards adaptable working strategy towards the staff. The main accessible adaptable working alternative is for the nursing officials who are permitted to investigate their obligations in shifts. Different individuals from the workforce are carefully on 8.00 a.m to 5.00 p.m detailing arrangement. It is worth to take note of that this social insurance association stresses on constant and free correspondence between its staff and the top administration for compelling co-appointment of exercises. The enthusiasm of the laborers is genuinely dealt with as far as their wellbeing conditions, enthusiastic status, and otherworldly prosperity. The HR has reliably been endeavor worker examination as an exertion towards urging the staff individuals to seek after their vocation and lift the exhibition record of the firm. Being a medicinal services association, the HR assimilates staff on unadulterated legitimacy standards to accomplish its objective of working with gifted labor fit for matching the serious condition on which the association works. Clinix has reliably put stock i n inside control as a device to guarantee that the staff is making the best choice all the time with the way of life of honesty and responsibility. The workers are relied upon to maintain moral gauges and exacting adherence to lawful structure on which the social insurance division is based. There is a yearly on-work preparing on the most proficient method to oversee worry in the working environment and expert methodology towards relational connections between the laborers and patients. The nursing calling is decently

The European Union Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

The European Union - Essay Example The European nations have a memorable abhorrence for Americans and in this way, the countries would prefer not to work with the superpower. The European need to protect their national and social limits constrained them to shape an alliance that passes by the name of European Union. The part countries are having a typical cash that they are utilizing to battle the matchless quality of American dollar. The birthplaces of European Union are coming from the ancient resentment which is available in Americans and Europeans for a long time. The country of England wouldn't join EU on account of its nearby and agreeable ties with America yet by and by, the country is experiencing the harsh occasions as it is distant from everyone else in the worldwide network of countries. The elements of European Union incorporate help of exchange exercises and relieving national level questions inside part countries. The comprehensive reason for the body is to help the locale in getting independent and liberated from impact of America. The monetary turn of events and development are the names of powers that can help any country or gathering of countries during the time spent maintaining their social and cultural qualities. Rest of the world is occupied in adjusting their qualities so as to reflect more level of Americanization. The countries of Europe are not ready to do that and in light of this explanation, they have made the included foundation. The European Union additionally oversees resistance understandings and renders help to upset countries too. The structure of the EU isn't strong in nature and its workplaces are dissipated across different urban communities in the European segment. The vital administration and bearing is given by the advisory groups of European parliament. By and by, the European parliament has been created with the assistance of giving satisfactory portrayal to every single part country. The possibility of EU is a commonsense utilization of pooling all assets and building synergetic relations and linkages. The European Union is a

Comparing the poems Dulce Et Decorum Est and Anthem for Doomed Youth Es

Contrasting the sonnets Dulce Et Decorum Est and Anthem for Doomed Youth, remark on the writer's utilization of language and graceful procedure indicating how fruitful he is in passing on his message. 'Looking at the sonnets 'Dulce Et Decorum Est' and 'Song of praise for Doomed Youth', remark on the artist's utilization of language and wonderful procedure indicating how effective he is in passing on his message. 'Looking at the sonnets 'Dulce Et Decorum Est' and 'Song of devotion for Doomed Youth', remark on the artist's utilization of language and graceful method indicating how fruitful he is in passing on his message. Wilfred Owen composed both the sonnets 'Dulce Et Decorum Est' and 'Song of devotion for Doomed Youth' during the First World War. Wilfred Owen was a British artist conceived in 1893. He entered World War 1 (1914 - 1918) in October 1915 and battled as an official in the fight of the Somme in 1916 yet was hospitalized for shell stun in May 1917. Here he met Siegfried Sassoon, an artist whose enemy of war works were in congruity with Owens concerns. Under Sassoon's consideration, Owen started delivering the best work of his short vocation. His sonnets are suffused with the repulsiveness of fight and are an energetic articulation of shock at the repulsiveness and pity for the youthful fighters yielded in it. Owen was granted the military cross for serving in the war with differentiation. He kicked the bucket one year subsequent to coming back to fight and multi week before the war finished in 1918. I accept that Owen composed these sonnets since he needed to tell individuals about the unpleasant things he has seen and experienced. Additionally I accept he thought of them to convey reality to the individuals at home and to the individuals who were considering doing battle since it was heavenly. I try not to think he was instructing them not to do battle however to do battle... ...sonnets have a couple of contrasts, which make them appear differently in relation to one another. 'Hymn' is depicting the memorial services/internment of individuals at home and 'Dulce' is about the passing on the combat zone. 'Anthem'is an intelligent sonnet while 'Dulce' is visual and very realistic giving it a more profound effect on the peruser. 'Song of devotion' is composed as a work since it has 14 lines, 3 quatrains and one rhyming couplet. This quickly gave me the feeling that the sonnet was gentler than 'Dulce' (Which is written in free stanza) since I will in general partner a poem with Romeo and Juliet, which is about love. Taking everything into account I feel that 'Dulce Et Decorum Est' successfully passed on Owen's message to the peruser in light of the fact that it was substantially more outwardly upsetting, and caused you to feel pity and compassion toward all the thousands of individuals who kick the bucket like that in the wars we have had previously.

Merger of JP Morgan Chase Co - Free Essay Example

Executive Summary This paper on the Banking industry consist the merger of JP Morgan Chase Co. It argues that the experience of Banking industry in the US is unique and also the impact of the merger in JP Morgan Chase Co. It is not paradigmatic also tells that all banks are not driven efficiently. The paper talks about the merger of JP Morgan Chase Co. using The Porters The Fishbone Model. Table of Contents Executive Summary 1 Table of Contents 2 1. INTRODUCTION 3 1.1 Overview of Banking Industry in US 3 1.2 Overview of JP Morgan and Chase 3 2. STUDY OF MERGER BETWEEN JP MORGAN CHASE (2000) 4 2.1 Purpose of the study 5 2.2 Significance of this study 5 2.3 Limitations 5 3.RESEARCH MODEL 6 3.1. The Fish Bone Model 6 3.2 Elements of the Model 7 3.3. Previous Research Findings 8 3.4. Critics for the Previous Research 8 4.PREVIOUS RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 9 5.CONCLUSION 10 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Overview of Banking Industry in US This paper on the Banking industry consist the mergers of banks with a special emphasis on the US banks. It argues that the experience of Banking industry in the US is unique and it is not paradigmatic also tells that all banks are not driven efficiently. Mergers in banks arise because of macro structural circumstances and shifts to strategic motives in a period of time (Benston, Hunter, Wall, 1995). Over the few years, bank mergers and acquisitions have been occurring at a very high rate. During the recent decades the US banking system is experiencing an intense structural change which is happening at a very rapid place. When banks document deposits made by customers create credit evaluations and move funds they process information. The banks and the financial services industries entrants have been very much affected by the current information processing revolution. The banks are moderately transforming themselves from intermediaries that have loans, deposits and securities in their balance sheets into brokers who originate loans and then allocate them to others who obtain securitized assets. This change has occurred due to rapid increase of the technical advancements in processing information. 1.2 Overview of JP Morgan and Chase JPMorgan Chase Co. is one of the worlds largest, oldest, and best-known financial institutions. Since their founding in New York in the year 1799, they have succeeded and grown by listening to their customers and also by meeting their needs. Being a global financial services firm and with operations in more than 50 countries, JPMorgan Chase Co. combines two of the worlds best and premier financial brands: J.P Morgan and Chase. JPMorgan Chase Co. is a leader in financial services for consumers; investment banking; financial transaction processing; small business and commercial banking; private equity and asset management. JPMorgan Chase Co. serves millions of consumers in the United States and also the worlds most prominent corporate, institutional and government clients. JPMorgan Chase Co. is built on the foundation of more than 1,000 predecessor institutions that has come together over the years to form todays company. Their many well-known heritage banks include J.P Morga n Co., The Chase Manhattan Bank, The First National Bank of Chicago, Manufacturers Hanover Trust Co., Bank One, Chemical Bank and National Bank of Detroit, each closely tied in its time for innovations in finance and for the growth of the United States and global economies. (The History of JP Morgan Chase Co., 2008) 2. STUDY OF MERGER BETWEEN JP MORGAN CHASE (2000) On examining, there are four main paths are identified which explains explains the reasons behind the mergers activity. These paths are related to (1) creating economies of scales, (2) expanding in geographically means, (3) increasing the combined capital base (size) and product offerings, and (4) gaining the market power. In examining these paths, it appears that, at a much higher level in Porters fishbone framework, the mergers are driven by cost reductions than increasing the gross revenue. Global consolidation and Downsizing allowing banks in increasing its size and market capabilities while creating some technological efficiencies largely responsible for the cost savings of mergers. The research results on the financial performance of the merged banks have resulted in conflicting conclusions. While some research has found that bank acquisitions are not improving the financial performance of the combined banks (Baradwaj, Dubofsky, Fraser, 1992). When Chase Manhattan anno unced its merger with J.P. Morgan in September 2000, the companys shares were selling at $52. (Palia, 1994). Today, they make around $30, and the press is filled with reports of the companys performance. Getting bigger has not helped Chase Manhattan to get better. Nor has it helped other companies. The Wall Street Journal recently reported that the share prices of the 50 biggest corporate acquirers of the 1990s have fallen three times as much as the Dow Jones Industrial Average. (Toyne Tripp, 1998). The size counts, especially in addressing the complex problems that span geographies and functions. But bigger doesnt make a company better at serving customers. Chase is the product of two megadeals that came earlier, its mergers with Chemical Manufacturers Hanover and. J.P. Morgan is the part of the venerable House of Morgan which was traditionally a commercial bank, but has aggressively entered the investment banking business. After flirting with other merger partners from Europe and elsewhere, it finally offered the famous name and blue-chip client roster to its fellow New Yorker for about $36 billion in stock. (Madura Wiant, 1994) 2.1 Purpose of the study The history before the acquisition is very important to consider the enormity of the product. In 1991, Chemical Banking Corp. merged with Manufacturers Hanover Corp., keeping the name Chemical Banking Corp., then the second largest banking institution in the United States. In 1995, First Chicago Corp. merged with NBD Bancorp Inc., forming First Chicago NBD Corp., the largest banking company based in the Midwest. In 1996, Chemical Banking Corp. merged with The Chase Manhattan Corp., keeping the name The Chase Manhattan Corp. and creating what then was the largest bank holding company in the United States. 2.2 Significance of this study In 2000, The Chase Manhattan Corp. merged with J.P.Morgan Co. Incorporated, in effect combining four of the largest and oldest money center banking institutions in New York City (Morgan, Chase, Chemical and Manufacturers Hanover) into one firm called JPMorgan Chase Co. In 2004, Bank One Corp. merged with JPMorgan Chase Co., keeping the name JPMorgan Chase Co. In 2008, JPMorgan Chase Co. acquired The Bear Stearns Companies Inc., strengthening its capabilities across a broad range of businesses, including prime brokerage, cash clearing and energy trading globally. 2.3 Limitations It becomes abundantly clear that there is no clear direction in terms of the mergers and acquisitions that JPMorgan Chase Co. performed in before and after the marriage of the giants happened. The merger was hailed and appreciated at the time when one of the largest mergers was in a vogue. The merger seemed to have happened through lots of pressure from competition more than anything else. Even after these so many years of being together, it is not very easy to tell if the individual entities are acting as one. (Wilson, 2003) The problem faced is really because of cohesiveness and integration. Although the merger went through the lack of a proper regulatory authority to oversee such mergers leads to situations such as the sub-prime crisis of 2007-2008. RESEARCH MODEL 3.1. The Fish Bone Model The coding scheme adopted for the content analysis that was conceptualized in the Porter strategic model (Porter, 1980) as operationalized in a fishbone analysis framework (Nolan, Norton Company, 1986). The coding of the content of application approximates the use of a standardized questionnaire. Hence, content analysis has the advantage of both ease and high reliability, but it may be more limited in terms of content validity to the extent that the applications reflect the underlying stated merger decision rationale. These four paths are related to creating economies of scales, expanding geographically, increasing the combined capital base (size) and product offerings, and gaining market power. This appears that decreasing costs than increasing gross revenue drives much of the merger activity at a higher. Many of the applications stated that the reduction of costs as a reason for the merger. In addition to it, many of the applications went further than a general statement of cost reduction explaining that the combined institution would create economies of scales which would result in a reduction in costs as justification for their merger/acquisition request. 3.2 Elements of the Model -Location -Product -Competitors -Market Trends However, since the merger/acquisitions within the banking industry should provide certain data (i.e. Community Reinvestment Act compliance or Herfindahl Indexes) to reinforce the merger/acquisition stated rationale, there is more validity in the stated rationale for mergers/acquisitions of this industry than in others using this approach (Cornett De, 1991). The use of the widely accepted Porter strategic model provides an appropriate framework for both inductive and deductive conclusions. 3.3. Previous Research Findings The model provides a tight linkage to the strategy literature for validity of the coding categories. More than that, the use of multiple coders and a referee insure a high degree of reliability in coding effort. For each application, two coders independently code each paragraph and the results are entered into a spreadsheet for data management purposes. The results of the two coders were then compared, and, if there was any disagreement, the referee discussed the differences with the other coders and made a final determination. For each application, a resultant tabulation was created and overlaid upon the fishbone for visual inspection. Hence, this model contains the total numerical count of the entire sample. 3.4. Critics for the Previous Research Previous literature finds an empirical evidence of links between mergers and financial performance, measured in terms of either profitability or operating efficiency (Berger, Demsetz, Strahan, 1999). The US experience cannot be a global paradigm because US banks has dominance in the global financial arena. Prior to the US bank merger wave, the banks that operated with long standing geographic restrictions, could not expand their branch networks when market opportunities arose outside their market areas. Hence, a sustained period of banking distress began in 1981. The thrift industry collapsed; many banks experienced distress in the early 1980s due to credit problems ranging from Latin American loans, loans in oil-rich domestic areas, loans for corporate mergers and commercial real estate. The failing or troubled institutions were often are taken over by expansion-oriented commercial banks; Nations bank grew through astute acquisitions during the period. Government-assisted merg ers accounted for majority of the bank mergers in the United States between 1982 and 1989. This period of distress mergers led to a shift in regulatory philosophy. Until this period, regulators guided by the antitrust law and the Bank Holding Company Acts of 1956 and 1970 placed some restrictions on bank activities and expansion, using the criteria that firms with monopolistic power will exploit it. In this period, many regulatory economists adopted Chicago new learning approach, which shifted the attention from monopoly position to contestability. Regulatory test for market power was weakened, that permitted federal regulators to override product-line and geographic restrictions in approving distress mergers. The Federal Reserve used regulatory flexibility to force modernization in U.S. banking laws. Bank regulators increasingly operated on the premise that the industry is overbanked and financial innovations has made capital and credit universally available. One approach was th e emergence of an upscale retail banking strategy. PREVIOUS RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The Banks using this approach identify a preferred customer base to which they can deliver both traditional banking services-short-term consumer loans, long-term mortgages, depository services-and nontraditional services such as mutual funds, insurance, and investment advice. The second and related approach was a shift away from maturity transformation and interest-based income, towards maturity matching, secondary market sales, and fee-based income. Much of the revenue from upscale households take the form of fees, encouraged by the growth of secondary loan markets and of banks involvement in the household portfolio management. The proportion of interest expenses within banks overall expenses is declined since 1982; noninterest income has been an increasing share of bank income since 1978 (DeYoung, 1994). Large banking firms have led to the second phase of the U.S. bank merger wave because they have most aggressively pursued upscale-retail and fee-based strategies. Since the banks are not more efficient or more profitable than the smaller banks they purchase, earnings increase have not financed these acquisitions, while Wall Street has. Wall Streets analysts have adopted the concept of banking industry excess capacity; and brokers and underwriters have earned the substantial fees from the equity issues that have provided the cash needed to sweeten offers for target banks equity shares (Serwer, 1995) (Chong, 1991). CONCLUSION Although there are many frameworks used for analysis of other industries, they often do not work within the banking industry because of the imposed regulatory constraints; the model reveals that the Porter Model will be suitable in this case for examining the rationale behind the merger/acquisition activity for the banking industry. There are four main paths, for the period examined that explains the reasons behind the mergers/acquisitions activity. Utilizing the synergies between the two partners is a common phrase found throughout the applications. The usual scenario is that the smaller partners will combine with the larger partners in order to develop the economies of scale and also to reduce their combined costs. The remaining three paths are related to increasing gross revenue but at a much lower level on the fishbone framework. Most of the applications justified the merger either directly or indirectly by referencing the combined banks ability to expand geographically i nto various markets that the individual banks had not previously had a market presence. As a result, through the geographical expansion, the bank would be able to decrease the total risk as well as increase the sales of the products and, thus, increase overall gross revenue. Many of the merger/acquisition either directly or indirectly justified their mergers through the fact that the combined asset base (size) would be larger and, thus, allowing the banks to make loans to companies that the individual banks could not have previously serviced due to capital base lending regulatory restrictions. In essence, the larger capital base allowed the merged institutions to offer a new product (jumbo loans) to an existing customer or to gain new customer through the new product offering. In addition, on the same path many of the applications justified the merger through the ability to offer a greater array of products. The smaller partner (usually) would be able to offer products already carried by the larger partner and that previously due to the smaller partners size they had not able to offer. In both cases, the merger would allow the combined institution to offer a greater product array increasing their sales and, thereby, increasing gross revenue. The last path deals with the, often, indirect merger justifications of increasing market power. Through the merger, the merged banks would be better able to compete with banks within their market, increasing their product sales, and, thus, their gross revenue.

Trauma and Dignity in Night - Literature Essay Samples

Upon arrival in Auschwitz, Elie Wiesel and his companions are shocked by unspeakable atrocities, and quickly are reduced to instinct. â€Å"We no longer clung to anything. The instincts of self-preservation, of self-defense, of pride, had all deserted us† (36). The lack of humanity shown to the prisoners strips them of the basic roles they once held in civilized society, and forces many to commit unbearable acts in order to survive. The men are torn from the lives they previously led, and no longer work or hold leadership positions; the sense of autonomy they once held over their lives has vanished. The innocent men are shaved, starved, beaten, and treated as â€Å"filthy dogs,† all while performing forced labor (85). They witness children being systematically burned alive, and many of their family members are murdered. The physical and psychological trauma of the camps reduces the prisoners’ self-worth. The overwhelming horror of Wiesel’s experience, comb ined with shame perpetuated by the SS officers, results in a chilling disconnection from his previous self. In Night, Elie Wiesel manages to communicate the nearly ineffable loss of human dignity that arises from the trauma of war and violence. The Nazis structured the concentration camps in a way that deliberately dehumanized the prisoners and tested their limits of endurance. Bruno Bettleheim, a survivor of Dachau and Buchenwald, wrote extensively about his psychoanalytical observations of the camps. He observed himself, his fellow prisoners, and the SS Officers, and analyzed the different motivations each. The SS officers’ goals included â€Å"to break the prisoners as individuals and change them into docile masses†¦to provide the Gestapo with an experimental laboratory in which to study effective means for breaking civilian resistance, as well as the minimum nutritional, hygienic, and medical requirements needed to keep prisoners alive†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Bettleheim 49). The Nazis wanted to push the limits of human endurance for their own political means. The calculated nature of the camps is reflected in Wiesel’s account of their arrival, as the prisoners are stripped of their clothing and belongings. The men lose the individual signifiers that demarcate their individuality and their status in society. In the camps, the prisoners are only known by a number tattooed on one arm. Wiesel recalls, â€Å"I became A-7713. From then on, I had no other name† (42). The stripping of this essential element instills a further feeling of worthlessness in the men, perhaps more than starvation or brutality. Psychologist Judith Hassan, when discussing working with the long-term impact of trauma in Holocaust survivors, wrote that â€Å"No name, only a number, deprives a person of a basic human right – to have an identity†¦Once ‘liberated’, their identity as survivors did not facilitate a sense of belonging or status in the outside world† (Hassan 185). The reduction of one’s identity was psychologically traumatic for the prisoners, in addition to the physical horrors they witnessed. The symbolism of the simple act of removing one’s name reveals the Nazi’s intent to truly erase the lives of the prisoners. Smaller indignities, in many cases, were more harmful to the prisoners than other punishments. Through observing his fellow prisoners, Bettleheim suggests that â€Å"One felt deeper and more violent aggressions against particular SS men who had committed minor vile acts than one felt against those who had acted in a much more terrible fashion† (Bettleheim 66). Men resented verbal abuse or a slap in the face more than serious physical injury; these insults wounded the prisoners deeply. The loss of pride in their lives was one of the Nazi’s goals for the prisoners upon arrival. In Night, Elie’s father asks where the restrooms are located, and the kapo â€Å"slapped my father with such force that he fell down and then crawled back on all fours† (39). This lack of decency shocks Elie; it is one of the first moments that begin to take his father’s dignity, and by extension, Elie’s dignity. He is ashamed at his lack of defense for his father, and c annot respond as he would in a normal environment. Bettleheim acknowledges that keeping his pride was essential to his psychological survival. â€Å"†¦if the author should be asked to sum up in one sentence what, during all the time he spent in the camp, was his main problem, he would say: to safeguard his ego in such a way that, if by any good luck he should regain liberty, he would be approximately the same person he was when deprived of liberty†(Bettleheim 62). By keeping his experiences separate from his view of himself, Bettleheim attempts to remain sane. In contrast, Elie Wiesel’s memoir demonstrates an almost total loss of self that is tied to trauma. This is not surprising. Judith Hassan writes, â€Å"Life was no longer governed by the same set of values that had existed up until the onset of the trauma† (Hassan 18). Thus, the camps were not civilized environments, and the indignities they suffered pushed the prisoners away from their former selves. The instinct to survive often contradicts Elie’s filial instincts. When his father is punished for weakness, Elie’s anger is sometimes directed at his father rather at the SS officers who caused the original pain. As his father is being beaten for working too slowly, Elie writes, â€Å"I had watched it all happening without moving. I kept silent. In fact, I thought of stealing away in order not to suffer the blows†¦Why couldn’t he have avoided Idek’s wrath?† (54). While the traditional father-son dynamic provides structure and hope upon arrival, Elie struggles to support his father in the camps. He tries to gives his rations to his sick father, or to train him to march correctly. However, subconscious resentment grows in Elie’s heart, further dehumanizing his civilized self. When he is searching for his sick father, he thinks to himself, â€Å"If only I didn’t find him! If only I were relieved of this responsibility, I could use all my strength to fight for my own survival†¦Instantly, I felt ashamed, ashamed of myself forever† (106). Elie’s complex relationship with his father is of immense love and guilt. He tries to help him, but does so in fear for his life. While he clings to his father as a remnant of his previous life, the trauma of the camps shifts his relationship in ways that would never occur in normal society. Bettlheim interpreted this disconnection from life in the real world and life in the camps by observing his fellow prisoners. â€Å"The prisoners’ feeling could be summed up by the sentence: â€Å"What I am doing here, what is happening to me, does not count at all; here everything is permissible as long and insofar as it contributes to helping me survive in the camp†Ã¢â‚¬  (Bettleheim 63). The extreme danger forced the men to adapt and adopt new modicums of living. While in civilized society the parent-child bond seems unbreakable, the Nazis created an env ironment that deliberately destroyed those bonds. Other prisoners in the camp experienced similar struggles. One of the first acquaintances Elie and his father encounter from home was forced to feed his father’s body into the furnace. On the transport train, a man kills his father for a single piece of bread, and he is then killed. As the prisoners are forced to run in the snow for hours, Elie runs alongside a Rabbi’s son, remembering later, â€Å"†¦his son had seen [his father] losing ground†¦and he had continued to run in front, letting the distance between them become greater† (91). The Rabbi’s son tried to save his own life, even if it meant abandoning his connection to the real world. Additionally, Wiesel particularly emphasizes the relevance of these events situated in the context of the holocaust, as each shifted father-son relationship took away the dignity of the men involved. When his father is ill and near death, Elie struggles with h elping him or protecting his own life. He instinctually resents giving his food ration to his father, even as he does so, stating, â€Å"Just like Rabbi Eliahu’s son, I had not passed the test† (107). The test is one of ethics, but also a deep analysis of how trauma changes instinct. In any other situation, one would theoretically be proud of helping a parent, but the camps twisted the prisoners’ perception of pride and destroyed their socially learned instincts. Elie’s relationship with his father can be likened to an Oedipal complex where the son must kill the father to survive. In his father’s final hours, Elie ignores his father’s pleas for help, and states his awareness of the impact his instincts had on his psyche. â€Å"I shall never forgive myself. Nor shall I ever forgive the world for having pushed me against the wall, for having turned me into a stranger, for having awakened in me the basest, most primal instincts† (xii). T he trauma of his father’s death and Elie’s own perceived role in it takes away any dignity that remained from his civilized life. Elie’s changed relationship with his father demonstrates the Nazi’s systematic model of genocide. The Nazis took away their victims’ sense of self in an attempt to entirely decimate the Jewish civilization, as well as any others who opposed their regime. In analyzing how concentration camp groups responded as a whole, Bettleheim wrote, â€Å"The main goal of the Nazi efforts seemed to be to produce in their subjects childlike attitudes and childlike dependency on the will of the leaders†¦it was very difficult not to become subject to the slow process of personality disintegration†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (83). The Nazis destroyed people’s individuality in their attempt of systematically reordering the population through eugenics. The loss of power over one’s life, and the loss of control over one’s reacti ons, produced severe traumatic results in the prisoners once the concentration camp prisoners were released. After he is liberated from Buchenwald, Wiesel has no thoughts of joy or revenge. His dignity was systematically, deliberately taken from him, and he lost his parents and younger sister. The result is that he is transformed forever. â€Å"†¦I decided to look at myself in the mirror on the opposite wall. I had not seen myself since the ghetto. From the depths of the mirror, a corpse was contemplating me. The look in his eyes has never left me† (115). After the trauma he experienced as a teenager in the camps, Wiesel’s entire sense of self has ‘died’, and he is changed forever. Bibliography Wiesel, Elie. Night. New York: Hill and Wang, 2006. Print. Bettelheim, Bruno,. Surviving and Other Essays. New York: Vintage Books, 1980. Print. Hassan, Judith. A House Next Door to Trauma : Learning from Holocaust Survivors how to Respond to Atrocity. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2003. Print.